Текст книги "Английский язык: самоучитель"

FOCUS ON GRAMMAR
Активная грамматика

Language focus 1

The verb «can»

Глагол «мочь, уметь»

I can speak French. – Я умею говорить по-французски.

Can you help me? – Вы можете мне помочь?

They can’t (can not) read English. – Они не умеют читать по-английски.

Where can I buy this book? – Где я могу купить эту книгу?

1. Write the questions and give negative answers.

Напишите вопросы к данным предложениям и дайте отрицательные ответы на них.

Example: She can play tennis.

Can she play tennis? She can’t play tennis.

1. My children can speak Spanish. …………..…………………………….……………….…

2. My wife can cook very well. ……..……………………………………………………..

3. They can help us with these documents.…………………………………………………….

4. I can tell you about the office. …………………………………………………………

5. She can look at him all the time. …………………………………………………………

6. He can come home at 7 o’clock. …………………………………………………………

7. They can walk in this park. …………………………………………………………

2. There is one mistake in each sentence. Find and correct it.

Найдите ошибку в каждом из данных предложений.

1. I can’t drive a car, but my brother is can. …………………………..

2. Where I can meet my friend? …………………………..

3. Can they to tell me the way to the park? …………………………..

4. Your sister can play the piano? …………………………..

5. We cann’t come home now. …………………………..

6. When can see this play? …………………………..

7. I can work at night, but my wife can. …………………………..

8. He can’t to read this boring book. …………………………..

3. Write 10 questions with «can» using the verbs in the Box.

Напишите 10 вопросов, используя глагол «can» и глаголы из таблицы.

To listen, to help, to walk, to relax, to meet, to work, to buy, to drive, to finish, to speak.

4. Translate the sentences into English.

Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Вы умеете водить машину? ………………………………………………..

2. Моя жена умеет говорить на трех иностранных языках. ………………………………………………..

3. Мои дети не могут читать длинные скучные книги. ………………………………………………..

4. Где я могу купить билет? ………………………………………………..

5. Мы не можем поехать в Египет. Это очень дорого. ………………………………………………..

6. Я не умею готовить хорошо, но мой муж умеет. ………………………………………………..

7. Что мы можем увидеть в этом театре? ………………………………………………..

8. Мой муж не может ходить на работу каждый день. ………………………………………………..

9. Я не могу слушать эту музыку. ………………………………………………..

Language focus 2

Can you / Could you?

Выражение просьбы с помощью Can you / Could you

Просьба, начинающаяся с «Could you» звучит более вежливо. Сравните: Can you help me? – Вы можете мне помочь? и Could you help me? – Не могли бы Вы мне помочь?

5. Write the full question with «Could».

Напишите полный вопрос, используя «Could».

1. help me to study ……………………………………………………………………

2. play tennis with me ……………………………………………………………………

3. watch this play ……………………………………………………………………

4. have lunch with me ……………………………………………………………………

5. give me your E-mail ……………………………………………………………………

6. buy a cake for us ……………………………………………………………………

7. live in this flat ……………………………………………………………………

6. Write in a suitable question.

Напишите подходящий по смыслу вопрос.

Language focus 3

Question-words.

Вопросительные слова.

What – Что – What can you see in the room? Что ты можешь увидеть в комнате?

What – Какой – What is your surname? Какая твоя фамилия?

When – Когда – When can you meet my friend? Когда ты можешь встретиться с моим другом?

Why – Почему – Why is he here? Почему он здесь?

Where – Где – Where are my chairs? Где мои стулья?

Who – Кто – Who is that man? Кто тот мужчина?

With whom – С кем – With whom can you come? С кем ты можешь прийти?

How – Как – How are you? Как вы поживаете?

Whose – Чей – Whose is this office? Чей это офис?

7. Read the sentences and translate them. Underline the auxiliary verb.

Прочитайте предложения и переведите их. Подчеркните вспомогательный глагол.

1. Where can I buy jeans?………………………………………………………………………….

2. Are these chairs new? ……………………………………………………………………….….

3. How is your little sister? …………………………………………………………………….….

4. With whom is she at the theatre? …………………………………………………………..….

5. Are these expensive maps? ………………………………………………………………….….

6. Where can they have dinner? ………………………………………………………………….

7. Who is that man? ………………………………………………………………………….….

8. When is he in the USA? …………………………………………………………………………

9. Is that our map? ……………………………………………………………………………….

10. Who can relax in this room? …………………………………………………………………

11. What is your favourite game? …………………………………………………………….…

12. What can I have for lunch? ……………………..……………………………………………

8. Complete the questions.

Закончите вопросительные предложения.

1. Can they…………………………………………………?

2. Where can I………………….…………………………..?

3. Who can………..………………………………………..?

4. Is that……………………………………………………?

5. Where are……………………………………………….?

6. How can I….……………………………………………?

7. When can they..…………………………………………?

8. With whom is……………………………………………?

9. Ask one General and one Special question.

Задайте один общий и один специальный вопрос.

Example: My boss can speak three foreign languages.

Can my boss speak three foreign languages?

Where can my boss speak three foreign languages?

1. The doctor can help me.

2. She is in Moscow now.

3. These places are lovely.

4. I can walk in the park.

5. They can listen to music.

6. I am at home at night.

7. This playroom is large.

8. My wife can cook very well.

9. My brother is married.

10. Those are cheap flats.

10. These are the answers. What are the questions?

Напишите вопросы к данным ответам.

1. No, they can’t buy these newspapers.

2. Yes, these are our maps.

3. No, I can’t drive a bus.

4. He is in the shop.

5. I can come home at nine.

6. My friends are fine.

7. I can.

READINGAND SPEAKING PRACTICE

1. Read these sentences. Underline the words from the Active Vocabulary.

Close your eyes. How many sentences can you recollect?

Прочитайте предложения и подчеркните новые слова урока.

Закройте глаза и постарайтесь вспомнить как можно больше из данных предложений.

1. In the morning I have breakfast at home.

2. This foreign book is very difficult for me.

3. My children come home from school at two o’clock.

4. I would like to see theatres, museums and that sort of thing.

5. Those chairs aren’t cheap, they are very expensive.

6. Where can I listen to classical music?

7. That play is very long and boring.

8. I can meet you in front of the house.

9. My wife can’t work at night.

10. This place is great.

2. Now write and speak about these people.

Напишите и расскажите об этих людях.

Husband

At work in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening

Can work at night

A busy man

Would like to buy a new flat

Wife

A lovely woman

Can cook well

At home in the evening

Can’t drive

Would like to have three children

Example: The husband is at work ………………………………………………

3. Put these word combinations in the logical order. Then, speak about the day of these people.

Поставьте словосочетания в логическом порядке. Расскажите о том, как проводят свой рабочий день эти люди.

Meet the clients in the afternoon

Go to work

Help children with their homework

Be at work at the office

Get up

Come home

Have toasts for breakfast

Meet friends at home

Have lunch in a cafe

Have dinner

Go to bed

Finish work

Listen to music and relax

David and Clair..…………………………………

……………………………………………………………

4. Now speak about your workday and your weekend. Use the ideas in the table. Add your own ideas.

Расскажите о том, как проходит Ваш рабочий день и о том, как Вы проводите выходные. Используйте слова таблицы и добавляйте свои идеи.

On Workday

Finish work

Start work

Work on the computer

Do English homework

Have lunch at work

Meet your boss

Come home in the evening

Cook dinner

Get up at 6 o’clock

At the Weekend

Relax

Meet friends in a bar

Listen to music

Go to the rock-concert

Play football

Play with children

Go to the restaurant

Help children with homework

Read newspapers

5. Make up dialogues putting the sentences in the right order.

Составьте диалоги, расставив предложения в логическом порядке.

A.

It’s O.K.

Good morning, Mr. Lester.

And how about the meeting with Mr. Chakai?

Good morning, David. How is our work?

Oh, it s very difficult to work with him.

B.

Oh. These documents on your desk?

Yes. They are very long and difficult to read.

Could you help me, Mary?

Yes, Susie. What is it?

I can’t understand these documents.

C.

Is she in the office?

Can I see her in the evening?

Could I speak to Fanny, please?

I think, yes.

Yes, Fanny and her husband come home at 8 o’clock.

Yes, please.

Can I come at 9 o’clock, then?

No, I’m sorry. She is not at home.

D.

Here. In front of the window.

Is this your new office, Jane?

Nice. Are these computers new?

There, near the desk.

Yes. Is it lovely?

Yes, they are new. They work very well.

Oh, yes. It is very nice. Where is your desk?

And where is your chair?

6. Read the dialogues and try to remember them.

Прочитайте диалоги и постарайтесь их выучить.

A.

Debora: Excuse me?

Jack: Yes?

Debora: Could you help me, please.

Jack: Of course.

Debora: Can you tell me the way to a shop?

Jack: Yes. We have two shops in this street.

Debora: Are they good?

Jack: They are expensive, but very good.

Debora: That’s O.K. Thank you very much.

Jack: Not at all.

B.

Sam: Alice, could you help me?

Alice: Yes. What is it?

Sam: I would like to go to the theatre with my wife. Where can we see a good play?

Alice: At the Marlow Theatre.

Sam: Is it a new theatre?

Alice: Yes, it is new. But you can see classical plays.

Sam: Great! Is it expensive?

Alice: Not very. But it is a lovely place.

Sam: Thank you, Alice.

Alice: Not at all.

7. Read this text.

Прочитайтетекст.

Work in David’s life.

My wife and my children don’t understand me. It is very bad, because I understand myself very well. Work is all my life. I work for a TV company. I meet many people and I like them. I’m a TV operator. I start work at seven o’clock in the morning. I work with a camera and three computers. I buy very expensive computer programmes for my camera and my films. It is very interesting. We make computer films about lovely places, foreign countries, cities, towns, that sort of thing.

We have lunch with our TV group in cafes and sandwich bars. For lunch we have cheese sandwiches and coffee. It is cheap.

My workday is long but not boring. I come home from work at nine o’clock in the evening. On my way home I buy a newspaper. I read it after dinner.

My job can’t give me much money. But it is nice because my friends at work are nice.

Are the sentences true or false?

Верны или не верны данные предложения?

1. David would like to get a new job.

2. His workday is long.

3. He can’t work on the computer.

4. He is a TV actor.

5. He can have lunch in cafes and bars.

6. He can get much money.

Lesson 4. Meeting people

LEAD-IN

1. Answer the questions about yourself.

Напишите ответы на вопросы о себе.

1. Where can you meet new friends?

2. Do you like to meet new friends? Why?

3. Can you see many people in your office?

4. Can you meet people from foreign countries?

5. Can you telephone people from foreign countries?

6. What foreign languages can you speak?

7. Would you like to see foreign countries?

8. Are you a good friend?

9. How can you help your friends?

10. Can you write long letters to your friends?

2. Make up questions. Start them with the words given.

Составьте вопросы к данным предложениям, начинающиеся с данных вспомогательных глаголов или вопросительных слов.

1. They can meet you in his office. Can…………………………………………………………?

2. The places are lovely. Are……………………………………………………………………?

3. This job is difficult. Is………………………………………………………………………..?

4. Those desks are very expensive. Are…………………………………………………………?

5. I would like to have dinner here. Would………………………………………………………?

6. The children can go to school. Where…………………………………………………………?

7. This map is on the table. Where……………………………………………………………….?

8. I am in Italy. Where……………………………………………………………………………?

9. They are at home in the evening. When……………………………………………………….?

10. He can speak English. What language……………………………………………………….?

3. Find one word in each line that shouldn’t be there.The first has been done for you.

Найдите одно лишнее слово в каждой строчке. Первая строка выполнена как пример.

4. Choose the correct variant.

Отметьте правильный вариант.

1. The men …………………at work.

A. are B. is C. can

2. I like to look …………………the map.

A. on B. at C. –

3. I can ……………………him in the living room.

A. see B. look C. watch

4. …………………is my husband?

A. When B. Why C. Where

5. My friend is ………………….

A. Japan B. to Japan C. Japanese

6. …………………you walk with me in the park?

A. Could B. Are C. Want

7. ……………………are under the house.

A. A mouse B. The mouse C. Mice

8. They go ……………………school.

A. to B. in C. –

9. These are ……………………telephones.

A. our B. him C. them

10. My boss …………………………relax in the office.

A. isn’t B. can’t C. like

FOCUS ON VOCABULARY
Активный словарь

Nouns

1. receptionist – секретарь в приемной

She is a receptionist.

2. art – искусство

3. artist – художник

4. design – дизайн

The design of the car is very interesting.

5. custom – традиция

Tell me about British customs.

6. guest – гость

7. luggage – багаж

8. reason – причина

the reason for his absence – причина его отсутствия

9. sight – достопримечательность

London has many sights.

10. museum – музей

11. church – церковь

12. exhibition – выставка

I’d like to see the exhibition of flowers.

13. bridge – мост

14. city centre – центр города

I live in the city centre.

15. Underground – метро

16. shop – магазин

Adjectives

1. limited – ограниченный

Limited company

2. various – разнообразный

3. strange – странный, незнакомый

4. friendly – дружелюбный

People there are friendly.

5. modern – современный

It is a modern programme.

6. simple – простой

The text is very simple.

Verbs

1. to carry – нести

to carry luggage – нести багаж

2. to get to the cinema / place – добираться до

3. to show – показывать

He can show various sights.

4. to study – учиться, изучать

I study at school.

5. to travel – путешествовать

I like to travel to various countries.

6. to send – посылать (письмо)

I send letters to my sister.

7. to sleep – спать

8. to call – звонить, звать

Call me Susan.

9. to go to bed – ложиться спать

Word Combinations

1. I’d like you to meet – Я бы хотел представить Вас

I’d like you to meet my wife.

2. Nice to meet you.

Приятно Вас встретить / с Вами познакомиться

3. Pleased to meet you.

Приятно Вас встретить / с Вами познакомиться

4. over there – вон там

5. Would you like me to help you? Хотите, чтобы я Вам помог?

1. Match the word with the translation.

Найдите соответствие между словом и переводом.

2. Make word combinations.

Составьте словосочетания.

3. Complete the sentences with the words.

Впишите подходящие по смыслу слова.

Sights, exhibition, show, modern, Underground, friendly, churches, artist, travel, carry, study, reason, customs, simple, call, design.

1. People in this town are very……………………………………….

2. Could you show me the lovely……………………………………..of this city?

3. I don’t like the…………………………………of this office.

4. I know many……………………………………of this country.

5. My friends………………………………..in University.

6. I can’t………………………………..that luggage.

7. What is the…………………………….for your behaviour (поведение)?

8. The………………………………..system is new in this city.

9. These texts are very……………………………. We can read them.

10. I don’t know this………………………………… Where is he from?

11. The……………………………of old Chinese books is great.

12. I can’t………………………..in Europe. It is very expensive.

13. Could you………………………..them the way to the city centre?

14. You can see many old………………………….in the centre of London.

15. Please, ………………………..me Susan.

16. I don’t understand this……………………………writer.

4. Translate into English.

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Я бы хотел увидеть центр города.…………………………………………………

2. Где я могу получить багаж?…………………………………………………

3. Мы не можем показать вам современный мост.……………………………

4. Я бы хотел, чтобы Вы встретились с моей сестрой.………………………

5. Мои дети учатся утром.…………………………………………………

6. Их гости очень дружелюбные.…………………………………………………

7. Мы посылаем письма каждый день.…………………………………………………

8. Где современная выставка? …………………………………………………

9. Я не могу путешествовать вместе с ними.………………………………………

10. Мы встречаемся с различными людьми на работе.…………………………

5. Write your own sentences with the words given.

Напишите свои предложения с указанными словами.

простой дизайн ……………………………………………………………………

дружелюбные люди ……………………………………………………………

странные традиции ………………………………………………………………

ложиться спать …………………………………………………………………….

старая церковь ……………………………………………………………………….

нести багаж ………………………………………………………………………….

посылать письма ………………………………………………………………………

добраться до музея ………………………………………………………………….

книжный магазин ………………………………………………………………….

путешествовать в Европе ……………………………………………………………

6. Write one General and one Special question to each sentence.

Напишите общий вопрос и один специальный вопрос к каждому предложению.

Example: The customs are interesting.

Are the customs interesting? Which customs are interesting?

1. I can carry this luggage.…………..…………………………….……………….…

2. This museum is lovely.……..……………………………………………………..

3. I can get there by Underground.………………………………………………

4. Their guests can study at school.…………………………………………………

5. Those shops are very expensive.…………………………………………………

6. We can see various sights.…………………………………………………………

7. That art is very strange.…………………………………………………………

8. She is a receptionist in a limited company.…………………………………

9. We can travel at the weekend.…………………………………………………

Language focus 1

Prepositions of direction

Предлоги направления

7. Translate the sentences.

Переведитепредложения.

1. My children come home from school at two o’clock.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. I go to my friends by Underground every day.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Put these documents into the box, please.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Take these books out of the box.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. We travel from France to Britain every week.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Come into the room, Alice.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Take our children out of the bath.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. We get home from the museum by bus.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Complete the gaps with a suitable preposition taking it from the Box.

Вставьте пропущенные предлоги, взяв их из таблицы.

Out of, from, to, into, behind, in, on, under, at, with.

1. I can’t see my car in front of the house. Is it………………………the house?

2. I walk………………….my children every day.

3. Take the presents…………………………..this box, please.

4. They come home from work…………………….. eight o’clock.

5. I like to call various people………………………the evening.

6. Go…………………your grandmother and help her carry luggage.

7. Put this luggage………………………..the car, please.

8. Look…………………….the bridge. Can you see it in the water?

9. Can you see a modern computer……………………the table?

10. This shop is…………………….the city centre.

9. Match the word combinations with their translations.

Найдите подходящий перевод.

Language focus 2

Verbs and prepositions

Глаголы и предлоги

Look at – Смотретьна – Look at the table, look at the window

Look for – Искать (что-либо) – Look for a present, look for friends

Listen to – Слушатьчто-либо, кого-либо – Listen to your friends, listen to music

Speak to / with – Говоритьскем-либо – Speak to the boss, speak with him

Speak – Говорить (на языке) – Speak English, speak French

Show – Показыватькому-либо – Show me your cassette, show them their house

Meet – Встречатьсяскем-либо – Meet me in Paris, meet us there

Get up– Вставать (с кровати) – Get up at seven o’clock, get up in the morning

Get to – Добиратьсядочего-либо – Get to London, get to the museum

Travel to – Путешествоватькуда-либо – Travel to China, travel to the East

Work for (a company) – Работать (в компании) – Work for a big company, work for McHolland

Watch – Смотреть (что-либо) – Watch a TV show, watch a play

Play – Играть (во что-либо, намузыкальныхинструментах) – Play hockey, play football, play the guitar, play the piano

Give – Давать (кому-либо) – Give me your pen, give them the luggage

10. Write your own sentences with the verbs.

Напишите предложения с данными глаголами

Look at

Look for

Listen to

Speak to / with

Speak

Show

Meet

Get up

Get to

Travel to

Work for

Watch

Play

Give