Текст книги "Steps in Speaking English (Шаги в разговорном английском)"

Lesson VI. Body, Appearance, Personality, Character.

Vocabulary. Parts of the body.

hair, waist, elbow, face, wrist, ear, nose, back, knee, stomach, finger, thumb, lips, toe, ankle, eye, mouth, belly, armpit4141
  armpit– подмышка


[Закрыть], belly-button 4242
  belly-button – пупок


[Закрыть], thigh4343
  thigh – бедро


[Закрыть], eyebrow брови4444
  eyebrow – брови


[Закрыть], eyelashes ресницы4545
  eyelashes – ресницы


[Закрыть], nails

Exercise 1. Put these words from the vocabulary in the correct column in the table.

Exercise 2. Say why you agree or don’t agree with the statements below. Give some examples. Discuss each statement with other students.

1. Most men don’t spend enough time on their physical appearance.

2. Most woman look like their mothers and most men look like their fathers.

3. It’s normal to put on weight as you get older.

4. Going on a diet is bad for your health.

5. You can learn about someone’s personality by studying his/her face.

6. Small, everyday things can make people very stressed.

7. Would you go to see the plastic surgeon, when you become older?

8. What is opinion about the results of plastic operations and their influences on a future life?

Exercise 3. Which statement do you most agree with?

1. How long you live depends on your lifestyle (diet, exercise, smoking, etc.)

2. How long you live depends on your genes.

Exercise 4. Read the text.

The perfect body

Most people were surprised when Renee Zellweger got the part OTBridget in the film Bridget Jones's Diary. The film is about a young woman who worries about work, her weight and men. Zellweger is a slim American woman – completely different from Bridget who is English and overweight.

So, what did Zellweger do to get the part right? She had lessons to improve her English accent and she put on about eleven kilos. For several months she didn't do any exercise and she ate a lot of pizza, peanut butter sandwiches and chocolate. Although it was fun at first, she often felt quite sick.

Zellweger put the weight on because she thought it was important to be as real as possible. She was surprised, however, by people's criticisms. People criticized her for being fat when she put on weight for the film. Then they criticized her again for being too skinny when she lost weight after the film. She realized it's almost impossible to have the perfect body in the eyes of the media.

So why did she do it? Well, money was probably one reason. On top of her $15 million salary, she earned $ 255,000 for every kilo she put on. That’s an extra $ 2.5 million! And it didn’t stop there. A British slimming magazine paid her $3.5 million to lose all the weight again. So perhaps Zellweger doesn’t need to care about the criticism when she earns all this money!

Exercise 5. Mark the sentences true, false or don’t know.

1. Renee Zellweger was shot in the film Bridget Jone’s Diary.

2. Most people thought Zellweger was the wrong person for the part of Bridget Jones.

3. Zellweger was unsure about taking the part of Bridget.

4. She learnt to speak like an English person.

5. She ate a lot and exercised a lot.

6. She put on weight to feel like Bridget Jones.

7. She earned $ 2.5 million for every kilo she put on.

8. She earned more money to lose weight than to put it on.

Exercise 6. Read these opinions. Which one(s) do you agree with and why?

1. People worry too much about weight.

2. Putting on eleven kilos is dangerous.

3. I would do the same in her situation.

4. It was her work. She has done everything right.

Vocabulary. Appearance.

slim, tall, beautiful, skinny, fat, attractive, unattractive, handsome, ugly, medium height, thin, good-looking, short, overweight, muscular, well-build, plump4646
  plump – полная (с пышными формами девушка)


[Закрыть]

Exercise 12. Complete the table using the words and phrases from the vocabulary.

Exercise 7 . What’s the difference between:

1. slim and skinny?

2. fat and overweight?

3. handsome and beautiful?

4. attractive and good–looking?

Vocabulary. Personality.

ambitious, hard-working, reserved4747
  reserved – замкнутый, необщительный


[Закрыть], open, organized, unreliable, chatty, sensitive, purposeful, responsible, punctual, diligent4848
  diligent – усердный, старательный


[Закрыть], resourceful4949
  resourceful – находчивый


[Закрыть], talented

Exercise 8. Match the adjectives in the box with the underlined phrases in the sentences.

1. People with long fingers are easily upset.

2. People with short fingers are happy to talk about feelings.

3. People with straight fingers make lots of lists and plans.

4. People with a long first finger work hard.

5. People with a long ring finger don’t do what they say they will do.

6. People with a thumb that bends back are easy to talk to and talk a lot.

7. People with a thumb that doesn’t bend back don’t talk about feelings or problems.

8. People with a long thumb really want to be successful.

Exercise 9. Discuss. What do you think of this way of analyzing people’s personalities?

Exercise 10. Read the information below and decide what type of hands you have got.

1. Texture of hands

Soft hands. Soft hands can mean that the person is calm but sometimes rather lazy. They are often not very ambitious.

Hard hands. People with hard hands sometimes get angry easily. They are often very ambitious and energetic.

2. Shape of hands

Pointed hands. This means the person is artistic, sensitive and kind. Often these people work with fashion or hairdressing.

Square hands. People with square hands are usually hard working, organized and reliable. They are often good with money and business.

Exercise 11. Try to analyze your partner’s personality. What have you learned about him? How accurate do you think the information is about your partner?

Communication: Telephone calls

Before you start read the strategies:

– Before phoning, always think about what you аге going to say.

– When you don't understand, ask the other person to repeat.

– When you leave а message, speak clearly and spell difficult names.

– То finish the саll, do not say goodbye directly. Say something else first (e.g. Well, thank you very much).

Formal and informal phone calls

Exercise 12. Work in pairs. Use the strategies and role play in the four situations below. At first define, which are formal and which are informal.

Student A

1. You phone your friend, Jane. You want to meet her: where? what time? why?

2. You work in а computer repair shop. Your boss is Мr Clark. Не is not in the shop. Answer the phone and take а message.

3. You аrе Joe’s mother or father. Не is out. Answer the phone and take а message.

4. You phone about аn advert for guitar lessons. You want to speak to Terry Hamilton. Leave your пате and phone number.

Student В

1. You аrе Jane’s brother or sister. She is out. Answer the phone and take а message.

2. You phone to а computer repair shop. You want to speak to Мr Clark about your broken computer. Leave your nаmе and call to a number.

3. You phone your friend, Joe. You want to meet. him: where? what time? why?

4. Terry Hamilton gives guitar lessons. You аrе Terry’s wife. Answer the phone and take а message.

Exercise 13. Make two more phone calls.

1 Student А: you аrе Joe (3 аbоvе). Phone your friend (Student В) about his/her message.

2 Student В: you аrе Jane (1 аbоvе). Phone your friend (Student А) about his/her message.

Lesson VII. Topics: Travelling, Sightseeing, Transport

Vocabulary. Map.

capital, be situated, the remains of, tourist destination, region, natural beauty, landscape, sightseeing, city, town, picturesque scenery, country

Exercise 1. Answer these questions.

1. What is the capital of France?

2. Which major city is situated in Europe and Asia?

3. Where are the remains of the Parthenon?

4. What are the main tourist destinations in your country?

5. Which region in your country is an area of natural beauty?

6. What is the most beautiful landscape you’ve ever seen?

7. What is the most picturesque scenery in your country?

Vocabulary. Geographical features.

mountain, lake, beach, island, sea, ocean, river, forest, desert, bank, field, taiga, tundra, spring

Vocabulary. Places of entertainment.

park, art gallery, museum, nightlife, shopping, market, palace, castle, café, music, ancient sites, cinema, casino, club, aqua park, fun fair парк аттракционов, gaming machine игровой автомат

Exercise 2. Choose any country and tell about it. Here are some questions which will help you.

1. What is the name of the country?

2. What is the capital?

3. Where is it situated?

4. What is the landscape of this country?

5. Have you ever visited it? Are you only dreaming about visiting it?

6. What are the major cities in this country?

7. What are the main tourist destinations?

8. Is there an area of natural beauty?

9. Are there a lot of places of interest for sightseeing? (art galleries, museums, palaces, castles, ancient sites, remains, ruins, etc.)

10. Are there any places of entertainment? Is there a dynamic nightlife?

Vocabulary . Different kinds of transport.

bicycle, bus, car, coach, ferry, lorry, moped, motorbike, plane, ship, taxi, train, van, underground/subway go by , get on/off , get into/out of, catch, take, miss, ride, lose

Exercise 3. Answer questions.

1. Have you ever gone to work on a bicycle?

2. Do you like taking a bicycle in cities? Why?

3. Have you ever got in a train without a ticket?

4. When did you last ride a taxi?

5. Have you ever got out of a moving train or bus?

6. Have you ever lost a plane?

Vocabulary. Types of holidays.

sightseeing holiday, beach holiday, camping holiday, skiing holiday

rent a car ≠ use local transport

pack ≠ unpack

go abroad ≠ stay in your country

go sightseeing ≠ sunbathe on the beach

stay in hotels ≠ go self–catering

book early ≠ get a last–minute deal

go clubbing ≠ go to bed early

Exercise 4. Tell your partner about a really good holiday. Tell about:

1. time

2. place

3. geographical features

4. transport

5. places of interest

6. places of entertainment

7. type of holiday

8. booking

9. accommodation

10. activities

Exercise 5. Read the text.

Dream Holidays

I've got five months to travel before I write! I'm going to explore countries where I can speak English. Where am I going to start?

Australia

Australia is particularly hot from November to March. I love hot weather so I'm going to arrive in Sydney in December. There's a lot of outdoor life, and water sports to keep you cool.

South Africa

South Africa offers luxury safaris and the chance to see lots of exotic animals. It also has a wonderful coastline so, after the safari, I'm going to find a beach and swim. I like the sun so I'm going to go in February.

India

Rajasthan is the perfect 'India for beginners' with its colours, views and monuments. There are also exciting markets to visit, with beautiful clothes and jewellery. I'm going to spend a month there in January. That's when they say the weather is really good.

Canada

It's the Rockies for me in November! There are mountains and beautiful lakes everywhere. I'd like to visit the Inuits in the north of Canada too, but unfortunately I'm not going to get there … there isn't enough time.

Ireland

In March I'm going to take part in the St Patrick's Day festivities but I know it can be cold. I'm going to buy a beautiful Irish sweater to take back home. Dublin is a great city and there's fantastic countryside too, so Ireland should be fun.

Exercise 6. Read the article and complete the table.

Communication: Telephone calls

Exercise 6. Read these dialogues and learn them by heart.

– Hello, can I speak to Jill McMurray?

– Mr. Mc. Murray isn’t in. Any message?

– My name is Swindler. Frank Swindler.

– Please? Spell your name? Sir.

– S–w–i–n–d–l–e–r. Swindler. I’ve just come from California. I’ve just from California. I’ve brought a letter and a parcel for Mr. McMurray. I am staying at the Ritz Hotel? Room 406. Please, tell him to call me up.

– OK. As soon as Mr. McMurray comes, he will call you up.

– Fine. I am waiting for his call. Good–bye.

– Bye–bye.

– Hello! Am I speaking to Frank Swinder?

– Yes, my name is Frank Swinder. Who is speaking?

– This is Jill McMurray.

– Good evening, Mr. McMurray. I’ve bought you a letter and a parcel from Mr. Blake. John Blake. Is the name familiar to you?

– Certainly. Thank you ever so much. Where and when shall we meet?

– Could we come to the Ritz Hotel?

– Sure.

– Does 8 p.m. suit you? I am in the room 706.

– Fine. I’ll be there at 8 p.m. See you later.

– I am looking forward to meeting you. Same here. Good–Bye.

– Hello, is this Mr. Crow?

– Yes, here is Crow. Who is speaking?

– This is Donald Turner. We met a week ago at the talks in Bonn. Remember?

– Now you’ve mentioned it I remember. Good afternoon, Mr. Turner. How are you?

– Fine, thank you. How are things with you?

– No complaints. Thanks.

– I would like to know if there is any news. You know what I mean.

– Yes, I do. There’s no news.

– No news is good news.

– You’ve said it. Please, call me up the day after tomorrow.

– I hope I’ll be able to tell you something more definite.

– All right. What time?

– Any time after 2 p.m.

– All right. Good-bye.

– Good–bye.

– Hello, am I speaking to Mary fast?

– No, you are not. Wait a minute…

– Mary Fast is speaking.

– Here is Jane Batler. Good morning, Mary!

– Good morning, Jane! How are you?

– So-So, thanks. Where are you, Jane?

– I am waiting for you at the department store. I’ve bought all the papers you need.

– It's very nice of you. I’ll be there in no time. Are you in your car?

– Definitely. You know my car, don’t you?

– It goes without saying.

Exercise 6. Learn by heart these speech patterns, practice to translate them from English into Russian and from Russian into English.

Speech Patterns:

1. Tell him to call me up.

Tell the secretary to answer the telephone call.

Tell them to wait for me.

Tell her to do the job.

Tell Henry to come at 5 p.m.

2. As soon as he comes, I’ll tell him everything.

As soon as he calls you up, ask him to come.

As soon as the children go to bed, we shall watch TV.

If the weather is fine, we shall go fishing.

If I get tickets, we shall go to the theatre.

After she finishes translating the article, she will go home.

3. Is the name familiar to you?

Is the face familiar to you?

Are these facts familiar to you?

Is this sight to you?

4. I am waiting for you.

Whom are you waiting for?

Wait a minute.

I have been waiting for you for an hour now.

Since when have you been waiting for me?

5. When shall we meet?

What time shall we make it?

What day shall we make it?

At what time do we meet?

6. Let’s meet at 6 p.m.

Let’s make it 6 p.m.

Let’s make it Tuesday.

Let’s meet at the cinema house.

1. Скажите, чтобы он мне позвонил.

Скажите, чтобы секретарь ответил на телефонный звонок.

Скажите им, чтобы они меня подождали.

Скажите, чтобы она сделала работу.

Скажите Генри, чтобы он пришел в 5 часов вечера.

2. Как только он придет, я ему все расскажу.

Как только он вам позвонит, попросите его прийти.

Как только дети лягут спать, мы будем смотреть телевизор.

Если погода будет хорошая, мы поедем на рыбалку.

Если я достану билеты, мы пойдем в театр.

Когда она закончит переводить статью, она пойдет домой.

3. Вам знакомо это имя?

Вам знакомо это лицо?

Вам известны эти факты?

Вам знакома эта достопримечательность?

4. Я жду вас.

Кого вы ждете?

Подождите минуту.

Я жду вас уже час.

С какого времени вы меня ждете?

5. Когда встретимся?

На какое время договоримся?

На какой день договоримся?

В котором часу мы увидимся?

6. Давайте встретимся в 6 часов вечера.

Давайте договоримся на 6 часов вечера.

Давайте договоримся на вторник.

Давайте встретимся в кино.

Exercise 7. Say in detail what the dialogue is about.

Two sisters on the telephone:

– Well, what have you been up to since I saw you last?

– I haven’t been up to anything, I’m afraid. Just the usual office grind. Have you been doing anything?

– No. James is off to Horvatia again tomorrow for his firm. The Horvates seem to like those hefty great cranes and bulldozers he sells. He rings me up every night from Zagreb, which is a comfort.

– So you’ll be absolutely tied again with the children?

– Of course.

– The firm would never pay for you to go to Horvatia as well, I suppose?

– As a matter of fact, that’s just come up for the first time. There is a big job of entertaining coming off in about a fortnight– all the possible buyers and their wives are invited to Zagreb for a demonstration and a party afterwards, and they say they’d pay for me to go and play hostess and look nice, but of course, with the children… And anyway, what have I got to look nice in?

– I say, Duckie, I’ve just had an idea. When is this do at Zagreb? It wouldn’t be at the weekend by any chance?

– It’s to be a Saturday–best time for a party.

– Well, look here, why don’t I come and look after Michael and Jane for the weekend? They are not such demons as you seem to think, you know. We usually get on fine.

– Oh – it’s terribly sweet of you, but I couldn’t.

– Yes, you could. Now sort it out with James this evening before he goes. I’ll come over on the Friday night, and I’ll stay over the Monday too – I’ll get the day off from the office – so you needn’t get back till late on Monday.

– No, I can’t really…Really you shouldn’t.

– Now shut up. No more nonsense. It’s settled. Just see the fridge is full of food. I’ll take them to the zoo on Saturday. And what’s wrong with that trouser suit? You look splendid in it.

– Do you really think I could? I never thought of a trouser suit for the party…

Lesson VIII. Preparation for travelling, Visa, Green card, Greetings in foreign countries

Vocabulary. Preparations.

get a visa, book tickets and a hotel, pack the suitcase, transfer the money, renew passport, have a vaccination, read a booklet, find a map, get information from the Internet

Exercise 1. You and your colleagues are going abroad together. Talk about your preparations. Take responsibility for one list. Tick two things you have already done.

List A:

– renew the passports

– get the visas

– change some money

– pack your case

List B:

– book a hotel for the first night

– rent a car

– get an international driver’s license

– pack your case

List C:

– book ferry tickets for you and the car

– buy a good guide book

– organize travel insurance

– pack your case

Example.

A: Have you booked the tickets yet?

B: No, but I’ve already organized travel insurance.

Vocabulary . Green card.

work permit, green card, tourist visa, driving license, residence permit, ID (identification) card, immigration

Exercise 2 . Read the text.

Going to the USA

Before you visit the USA, check if you need a tourist visa in your passport. Some nationalities need to have one, but others don't. If you want to stay longer than 90 days, you can apply to the immigration department. It is also useful to carry an ID card or a driving license with you so you can prove who you are. If you want to work in the USA, you need a work permit. You also need a residence permit so you can live there. When you have these permits, you get a green card which proves that you have permission to live and work in the USA.

Exercise 3 . Answer these questions.

1. What do you need for visiting the USA?

2. What should you do if you want to stay in the USA longer than 90 days?

3. What do you need ID card and driving license for?

4. What do you need if you want to work in the USA?

5. What do you need if you want to live in the USA?

6. What does green card prove?

Exercise 4 . Read the text.

Advice for UK business travelers. Giving gifts

Japan. Unlike the UK, gift–giving is very important in Japan and it usually happens at the end of a visit. Pens are good idea or something not available in Japan. If you give flowers, avoid giving four or nine flowers as these are unlucky numbers.

China. Chinese people will probably refuse your gift several times, but it is polite to continue offering in to them. Do not give clocks to Chinese people as the Chinese word for “clock” is similar to the word for “death”.

Middle East. Give gifts of highest quality leather, silver or crystal. Remember to avoid alcohol and leather from pigs.

South America. Gift–giving is less formal in South America but still an important part of the culture. Avoid leather, as many of the word’s best leather products come from South America.

Australia, Canada, USA and Europe. Gift–giving in these countries is informal and not always expected. However, it is polite to bring someone flowers, chocolates or wine when visiting their house. In some European countries, you should avoid red flowers (associated with romance).

Exercise 5. In pares, make dialogs. Imagine that you are:

– Japanese and your Chinese friend gives you advice about giving present to your Canadian colleague

– Canadian and you have received unexpected present from your Arabian friend

– Australian and you are trying to give a present to a Chinese

– European and you with your old friend are choosing the gift for Arabian girl in the shop

– American and you asking a shop assistant for advice about what to choose for Japanese man

Vocabulary . Greetings.

a handshake, embraces, a wave, a bow , a kiss, hugs, exchanging of business cards, coffee break, meeting

Exercise 6. Answer these questions.

1. What other ways of greetings do you know?

2. What are traditional greetings in your country?

3. In what countries do people greet each other with a bow?

4. How do you greet your friends?

5. How do girls greet each other? How do boys greet each other?

Communication: Telephone calls

Exercise 7. Translate into English and Russian in pairs and reproduce:

1. – Алло. Это 1-0-2-1-5-0-8?

– Yes, who is speaking, please?

– Меня зовут Ричард Фокс. Можно поговорить с мистером Кларком?

– Wait a minute…Clark is speaking.

– Привет, Мартин. Это Ричард Фокс.

– Я рад тебя слышать, Ричард. Как поживаешь?

– Fine, thanks. How are you?

– Вам также. Спасибо. Как твои родители?

– My father is doing fine. My mother is ill.

– Очень сожалею. Могу я помочь?

– I am afraid not. Thanks. I say, Richard, I would like to meet you.

– Я тоже хотел бы тебя повидать. Давай встретимся сегодня вечером.

– No objections on my part. Where shall we make it?

– Давай встретимся в ресторане The Mayflower. Ты знаешь, где находится?

– Sure. I’ll be waiting for you at the mayflower restaurant at half past seven, OK?

– Давай встретимся ровно в 8 у входа в ресторан.

– That’s settled. Till 8 o’clock… Good-bye.

– Good–bye.

2. – Алло, попросите к телефону Эмили Брук.

– I’m afraid she isn’t in. Any message?

– Да, пожалуйста. Передайте ей, что я буду звонить ровно в 3 часа. Моя фамилия Паркер. Джон Паркер.

– All right. Anything else?

– У меня для нее письмо из Великобритании от ее двоюродного брата Павла.

– Well, I know Paul very well. How is he getting on?

– Он получил повышение по службе и скоро приедет домой. Он хочет провести отпуск с родственниками.

– It is a pleasant piece of news. Emily will be glad to hear it. Is that all?

– Да, спасибо. До свидания.

– Good-bye.

Exercise 8. Repeat this word list:

1. Spell your name. – Назовите по буквам ваше имя.

2. Parcel – посылка

3. See you later. – Увидимся позднее.

4. Same here. – Я тоже.

5. Talks – переговоры

6. Definite – определенный

7. It’s very nice of you. – Очень любезно с вашей стороны.

8. It goes without saying. – Само собой разумеется.

9. No objections on my part. – С моей стороны нет возражений.

10. Any message? – Что-нибудь передать?

Exercise 9. Read , translate and reproduce this dialogue.

A business call

Switchboard: E.S.P. Ltd. Can I help you?

John: Could I speak to Mr.Powell, please?

Switchboard: One moment, please. (pause) I’m afraid his line’s engaged.

John: I’ll hold. (music)

Switchboard: Sorry to keep you waiting. (music)

Secretary: Mr. Powell’s office.

John: Can I speak to Mr.Powell, please? It’s John David from Canton Computers.

Secretary: I’m afraid he’s in a meeting. Can I take a message?

John: Could you ask him to call John David – D–A–V–I–D. My number is 3044577 and my extension is 557.

Secretary: John David. 3404577 extension 557.

John: No, 304, not 340.

Secretary: Sorry, 3044577 extension 557.

John: That’s right.

Secretary: Right, thank you, Mr.David. Goodbye.

John: Thank you. Goodbye.