Текст книги "31-й – 40-й тесты. Английский язык. ЕГЭ, 2023. На базе материалов ФИПИ"

31-й – 40-й тесты. Английский язык. ЕГЭ, 2023. На базе материалов ФИПИ

Составитель Игорь Евтишенков

ISBN 978-5-0059-1003-5

Создано в интеллектуальной издательской системе Ridero

Данный сборник тестов составлен на основе предварительных требований ФИПИ (www.fipi.ru). Задания включают тексты, находящиеся в свободном доступе в Интернете.

Таблица ответов размещена в конце сборника.

Для аудиочасти составлены 10 аудиофайлов.

Ссылка на архив в конце сборника.

***

1. Внесены изменения в аудирование, письменную часть и устную части согласно рекомендациями ФИПИ. Иллюстрации цветные (в электронном варианте).

2. Ответы находятся в конце файла.

TEST 31

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. Nature is my best hotel.

2. Sleeping among strangers is not a problem.

3. A quiet place to stay becomes a favourite.

4. The best hotel is at the seaside.

5. Roadside hotels can disappoint.

6. Comfortable holiday costs money.

7. We have to think about our meals.

2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A. The conversation takes place on Tuesday.

B. Jack knows what kind of present they will buy for Linda.

C. Rose knows Linda better than Jack does.

D. Linda follows the latest fashion trends.

E. Linda doesn’t like gift certificates.

F. Linda can’t have a pet because of her mother.

G. Rose and Jack are going to the shop straight away.

***

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3. What do we learn about Alex at the beginning of the interview?

1) He has written more than 60 books for children.

2) His most famous books are detective stories.

3) All his books are fiction.

Ответ:

4. Why does Alex write?

1) He has to make a living.

2) He simply can’t help it.

3) He is inspired by other writers.

Ответ:

 
5. What do we learn out about Alex’s reading preferences?
 
 
1) He prefers classics only.
2) He prefers humorous stories.
3) His preferences are varied
 
 
Ответ:
 
 
6. What was Alex’s first book?
 
 
1) A children’s book.
2) A detective short story.
3) A detective novel
 
 
Ответ:
 
 
7. What does Alex say about literary agents?
 
 
1) Every writer must have one.
2) You should try to work with several agents.
3) Good agents are invaluable helpers.
 
 
Ответ:
 

8. What does Alex say about promoting his books?

1) It’s very motivating for him.

2) It’s too hard physically.

3) It’s a stress for him having to meet readers.

Ответ:

9. What is, in Alex’s opinion, the typical mistake of starting novelists?

1) They write too many stories at once.

2) They spend too much time on their first text.

3) They give up writing very quickly.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1—9 не забудьте перенести ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10. Установите соответствие между текстами A—G и заголовками 1—8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. New food choices

2. Seafood

3. Confusing name

4. New word in English

5. Iconic dish

6. Change in quality

7. Increase in popularity

8. Origin of the meal

A. The practice of serving a roast dinner on a Sunday is related to the elaborate preparation required, and to the housewife’s practice of performing the weekly wash on a Monday, when the cold remains of the roast made an easily assembled meal. Sunday was once the only rest day after a six-day working week; it was also a demonstration that the household was prosperous enough to afford the cost of a better than normal meal.

B. Great Britain is surrounded by seas on all sides. No wonder that foods such as deep fried breaded scampi are usually on offer as well as fishcakes and a number of other combinations. However, England is internationally famous for its fish and chips and has a large number of restaurants and take-away shops selling this dish. It may be the most popular and identifiable English dish. Like many national dishes, quality can vary drastically from the commercial or mass produced product to an authentic or homemade variety using more carefully chosen ingredients.

C. Many seaside towns have shellfish stalls located at the beach. Traditionally these sell snack-sized pots of cockles, mussels, jellied eels, shell-on or peeled prawns, crab meat and oysters. The shellfish are served cold and the customer adds condiments to taste. Shellfish is best eaten as fresh as possible, and certainly on the day of purchase. Some shellfish such as squid, octopus and prawns can be frozen successfully; others such as mussels, oysters and clams need to be live when cooked.

D. Most large supermarkets in England will stock at least a dozen types of English sausage. English sausages are colloquially known as «bangers». They are distinctive in that they are usually made from fresh meats and rarely smoked, dried, or strongly flavoured. Following the post World War II period, sausages tended to contain low-quality meat and fat. However, there has been a backlash in recent years, with most butchers and supermarkets now selling premium varieties. Pork and beef are by far the most common bases, although gourmet varieties may contain venison or wild boar.

E. In the 1950s some British pubs would offer «a pie and a pint», with hot individual steak and ale pies made easily on the premises by the landlord’s wife. In the 1960s and 1970s this developed into the then-fashionable «chicken in a basket», a portion of roast chicken with chips, served on a napkin, in a wicker basket. Since then «pub grub» has expanded to include British food items such as shepherd’s pie, fish and chips, bangers and mash, Sunday roast, ploughman’s lunch, and pasties. Food has become more important in a pub’s trade, and today most pubs serve lunches and dinners at the table in addition to snacks consumed at the bar.

F. English sandwiches are made with two slices of bread, or some kind of roll. Common types of sandwich are roast beef, chicken salad, ham and mustard, cheese and pickle, egg mayonnaise, prawn mayonnaise, tuna, marmite and jam. A dainty form of sandwich, cut into small squares, without crusts, and often filled with cucumber, is served at genteel gatherings, such as Royal Garden parties. England can claim to have given the world the word «sandwich», although John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, was not the first to add a filling to bread.

G. In the USA, a 2pudding» is a creamy, dairy dessert, traditionally made with sugar and a couple of other ingredients. It really means nothing else. But the British seem to call a lot of other things «pudding». 2Apple pudding» traditionally has a layer of apple covered with a cake topping or a suet pastry, which looks just like apple pie. «Yorkshire pudding» includes chicken, pork or beef cooked in a crispy outer-batter. «Black pudding» is a kind of thick dark sausage made from animal blood and fat. What makes this a «pudding»?

***

11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Ancient Rome

The founding of Rome goes back to the very early days of civilization. It is so old that today it is known as «the eternal city». The Romans thought that their city was founded in the year 753 BC. Modern historians, however, believe it was the year 625 BC.

Early Rome was governed by kings, ___ (A), the Romans took power over their own city and ruled themselves. They had a council known as the «senate», ___ (B). From this point on one speaks of the «Roman Republic».

The word «Republic» itself comes from the Latin words «res publica», which mean «public matters». The senate appointed a consul, ___ (C), but only for one year. This was a wise idea, as the consul ruled carefully and not as a tyrant, for he knew that otherwise he could be punished by the next consul, once his year was up.

The Roman Republic was a very successful government. It lasted from 510 BC until 23 BC – almost 500 years. In comparison the United States of America only exist since 1776 – less than 250 years.

The greatest challenge the Roman Republic faced was that of the Carthaginians. Carthage was a very powerful city in North Africa, ___ (D). The fight between the two sides was a long one and took place on land and on sea.

The most famous incident came when the great Carthaginian general Hannibal crossed the mountain chain of the Alps to the north of Italy with all his troops and invaded Italy. However, Rome finally won and Carthage was completely destroyed in the year 146 BC.

Rome’s most famous citizen was no doubt Julius Caesar. He was a Roman politician and general ___ (E). In the year 49 BC Caesar crossed the small river between his province and Italy, called the river Rubicon, and conquered Rome. His military campaigns also took him to Egypt, ___ (F). His life ended abruptly as he was infamously murdered in the senate in Rome.

So famous and respected was Caesar that a month of the year is still named after him today. Also, the great English poet William Shakespeare wrote a famous play called Julius Caesar about his famous murder.

1. who ruled Rome like a king

2. but after only seven of them had ruled

3. where he met the famous Cleopatra

4. which controlled its own empire

5. which he then ruled as a dictator

6. which ruled over them

7. who conquered the vast territory in France

***

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Stories and Legends

The county of Antrim is not only one of the most picturesque, but most prosperous in all Ireland. It is also remarkable for being entirely surrounded by water by the ocean, Lough Neagh, and the rivers Bann and Lagan. In this county, vast quantities of flax are raised and manufactured into linen – chiefly at Belfast, the most important commercial town in the north of Ireland.

Belfast is particularly dear to me as a place where I spent many pleasant days with some warm-hearted Irish friends. In sight of this town there is a large hill, which is remarkable for presenting, at a particular point of view, a most gigantic likeness to the first Napoleon. Certain swells and ledges of the summit form the great profile very distinctly. He seems to be lying on his back, asleep, or in a meditative mood, and the face has such a dejected, melancholy look that one might suppose the likeness had been taken when the Emperor was a prisoner at St. Helena. There was one of the Bonapartes at Belfast, at the time I was there attending the meeting of the British Association, a celebrated scientific society. This was Lucien, a grand-nephew of the Emperor. He recognized the likeness in the great rocky profile, when it was pointed out to him, and professed to be a good deal affected by it.

Near Belfast there is also a famous «Druidical circle», or a large amphitheatre, enclosed by high mounds of earth, where the ancient Druids used to meet for their heathen worship. As we stood in that great circle, beside a rude altar of stones, it made us shudder to think that hundreds of human beings had probably been cruelly sacrificed there as offerings to the gods of the Druids. What a happy, blessed thing it is to know that such dreadful crimes can never again be committed here, under the name of religion.

While at Belfast, we made a delightful excursion to Shane’s Castle, the seat of Lord O’Neil. Shane’s Castle and the O’Neil estate are situated upon Lough Neagh, the largest lake in Great Britain. There is a legend that this sheet of water covers land that was once cultivated, cottages, castles, and even villages. The peasants say that there was once an enchanted well, which was always kept covered with a heavy stone, lest its waters should rise and overwhelm the land. One day, a careless woman went to this well to get water to boil her potatoes in, and hearing her baby cry, ran home without waiting to cover the well, which began to leap up in a great column, like a water-spout of an underground sea, and poured out so fast and furious that before many hours the whole valley was overflowed, and that night, the moon smiled to see herself reflected in a new lake.

On our route from Belfast to the Giant’s Causeway, we passed through several towns, of little importance now, though of some historical note such as Carrickfergus, Larne, and Glenarm. This last is a beautifully situated town, with a pleasant little bay, which usually affords a safe shelter for shipping on a coast somewhat renowned for wrecks and disasters. Here is a fine castle, which is the seat of the ancient family of the MacDonnels, Earls of Antrim. Scarcely any thing in the world can be grander or more beautiful than the coast road all the way from Glenarm to the Giant’s Causeway. It is too fine to be described; it should be painted, not written about.

We reached the Causeway late in the evening so hungry and tired that we were very glad to get our supper and went to bed without putting our heads out of doors. In the morning we engaged a guide and set out on our sightseeing tour.

The Causeway is formed by a vast collection of rocky columns mostly as regular in shape as though cut by masonry five-sided, six-sided, seven or eight-sided, piled and packed together, varying much in height, but little in size. Some form a floor almost as even as a city pavement some form gradual steps leading down to the sea and some tower upward, like spires and turrets.

There is a very singular collection of these columns on the side of the highest cliff, a hundred and twenty feet in height, called «the Giant’s Organ», from their resemblance to the pipes of that instrument.

According to legend, the mighty Giant, Finn McCool, was musical in his taste, and used to give himself «a little innocent diversion» here, after his hard labours in building the Causeway. Even now, when the sea roars, and the deep thunder rolls along the rocky coast, they say «the giant is playing on his big stone organ under the cliff».

12. The county of Antrim is described as…

1) picturesque but poor.

2) rich and successful.

3) the land of vast plains.

4) the land of long rivers.

Ответ:

13. The large hill near Belfast is remarkable for…

1) a striking resemblance to the first Emperor of the French.

2) its likeness to a grand-nephew of the Emperor.

3) the visit of one of the Bonapartes.

4) the profile of the first Napoleon carved into it.

Ответ:

14. «Druidical circle» is…

1) a large amphitheatre for theatrical performances.

2) a church with a rude altar of stones.

3) a place of current sacrificial offerings to the gods.

4) a place of ancient religious ceremonies.

Ответ:

15. How was Lough Neagh formed?

1) It was artificially created by the peasants.

2) It appeared because of a careless woman.

3) It was formed by the water rising from an underground sea.

4) Nobody knows for sure.

Ответ:

16. On his way from Belfast to the Giant’s Causeway, the narrator was particularly impressed by…

1) the historical town of Glenarm.

2) a pleasant little bay offering a safe shelter for shipping.

3) the coast road from Glenarm to the Giant’s Causeway.

4) the castle of the ancient family of the MacDonnels.

Ответ:

17. The Giant’s Causeway is a collection of rocky columns…

1) of similar size.

2) of similar height.

3) irregular in shape.

4) cut by masons.

Ответ:

18. According to legend, the giant Finn McCool…

1) was a talented musician.

2) worked hard to build the Causeway.

3) used to play the organ only when the sea roared

4) never played his organ.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 10—18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.

The Bald Eagle

19. In 1782, soon after the United States won its independence, the bald eagle ……………… as the national bird of the new country. American leaders wanted the eagle to be a symbol of their country because it is one of the strongest birds. CHOOSE

20. Today the bald eagle almost ……………… from the country. DISAPPEAR

21. In 1972 there ……………… only 3,000 bald eagles in the entire United States. BE

22. The reason for the bird’ s ……………… population is pollution, especially pollution of the rivers by pesticides. DECREASE

23. Pesticides poison the fish. Eagle eat these fish and then the eggs eagles lay have very thin shells and ………………. NOT HATCH

24. Today, the American government and the American people ……………… to protect the bald eagle. TRY

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.

Music in schools

25. Primary schools in London are trying out an ambitious plan through which young children get an introduction to serious music. The idea comes from a group of famous musicians who are concerned about the ……………………… of certain types of classical music. SURVIVE

26. They see the plan as one possible ……………………… to the problem of declining audiences at classical concerts. SOLVE

27. Their ……………………… is that an interest in classical music should be developed in early childhood..

ARGUE

28. They reject the idea that children are ……………………… in serious music or necessarily find it boring. INTEREST

29. The group goes into a school and gives a live ……………………… of a short classical piece and then this is followed by an explanation of how the instruments work. PERFORM

***

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The Guest

«The landscape seen from our windows is certainly charming,» said Annabel; «those cherry orchards and green meadows, and the river winding along the valley. However, nothing ever happens here. Rather dreadful, isn’t it?»

«On the 30 …,» said Matilda, «I find it soothing and restful; but then, you see, I’ve lived in countries where things do happen, especially when you’re not ready for them happening all at once.»

«That, of course, makes a 31 …,» said Annabel.

«I’ll never forget,» said Matilda, «the occasion when the Bishop of Bequar 32 … us an unexpected visit.»

«I thought that out there you were always prepared for emergency guests turning 33 …,» said Annabel.

«I was quite prepared for half a dozen Bishops,» said Matilda, ’but it was rather disconcerting to find out that this particular one was a distant cousin of mine, belonging to a branch of the family that had quarrelled bitterly and offensively with our branch about a Crown Derby dessert service. To make 34 … worse, my husband was away, talking sense to a village community that fancied one of their leading men was a were-tiger.»

«A what tiger?»

«A were-tiger; you’ve heard of were-wolves, haven’t you, a mixture of wolf and human being and demon? Well, in those parts they have were-tigers, or think they have, and I must say that in this case they had every ground for thinking so. However, as we gave 35 … witchcraft prosecutions about three hundred years ago, we don’t like to have other people keeping on our discarded practices.»

«I hope you weren’t unkind to the Bishop,» said Annabel.

«Well, of course he was my guest, so I had to be outwardly polite to him, but he was tactless enough to rake up the incidents of the old quarrel, and from that moment we were scarcely on speaking 36 ….

30. 1) contrast. 2) contrary. 3) inside. 4) opposite

Ответ _____

31. 1) statement. 2) splash. 3) move. 4) difference

Ответ _____

32. 1) paid. 2) sent. 3) made. 4) gave

Ответ _____

33. 1) to. 2) over. 3) up. 4) in

Ответ _____

34. l) issues. 2) matters. 3) problems. 4) situation

Ответ _____

35. l) in. 2) up. 3) away. 4) out

Ответ _____

36. 1) conditions. 2) relationships. 3) relations. 4) terms

Ответ _____