Текст книги "Психоаналитическая диагностика: Понимание структуры личности в клиническом процессе"

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Приложение

Пример диагностического интервью

Имя, возраст, пол, этническая и расовая принадлежность, религиозная ориентация, состояние отношений, родители, уровень образования, работа, предшествующий опыт психотерапии, кто направил на терапию в этот раз, другие (кроме клиента) источники информации.

Главные трудности и понимание пациентом их причин, история этих проблем, предпринимавшееся лечение, почему именно сейчас пришел на терапию.

Где родился, вырос, количество детей в семье и место пациента среди них, главные переезды. Родители и сиблинги: получить объективные данные (живы ли, причины и время смерти, если умерли; возраст, здоровье, профессия) и субъективные данные (личность, природа отношений с клиентом). Психологические проблемы в семье (диагностированная психопатология и другие условия, например, алкоголизм).

Хотели ли родители пациента рождения ребенка, условия в семье после рождения, что-то необычное в критические периоды развития, некоторые ранние проблемы (еда, туалет, речь, двигательная активность, никтурия, ночные кошмары, засыпание, грыз или нет ногти и т. д.), ранние воспоминания, семейные истории или шутки в адрес клиента.

Проблемы сепарации, социальные проблемы, проблемы в учебе, в поведении, жестокость к животным, болезни, переезды или семейные стрессы в это время, сексуальный или физический абъюз.

Возраст полового созревания, физические проблемы, связанные с созреванием, семейная подготовка к сексуальности, первый сексуальный опыт, мастурбационная фантазия, школьный опыт, успеваемость и социализация, самодеструктивные паттерны (нарушения питания, использование лекарств, сомнения о сексуальности, рискованные эксцессы, суицидальные импульсы, антисоциальные паттерны); болезни, потери, переезды или семейные стрессы в это время.

История работы; отношений; адекватность текущих интимных отношений; отношение к детям; хобби, таланты, гордость или удовлетворение.

Общее представление, состояние аффектов, настроение, качество речи, присутствие тестирования реальности, уровень интеллекта, адекватность памяти, оценка надежности информации. Исследование возможностей дальнейшего развития областей предполагаемых проблем, например, при депрессии – возможность суицида.

Сновидения: Запоминаются ли они? Какие-то – повторяющиеся, некоторые – недавние.

Используемые вещества – описанные и другие – а также алкоголь.

Спросите пациента, нет ли другой важной информации, которой он обладает и о которой его не спросили.

Спросите, было ли ему удобно и не хочет ли он что-либо сказать.

Главные текущие темы, области фиксаций и конфликтов, основные защиты, бессознательные фантазии, желания и страхи; центральные идентификации, контридентификации; неоплаканные потери; связанность собственного “Я” и самооценка.