Текст книги "Остеопороз под контролем. 12-недельный протокол лечения и профилактики заболеваний костей"

216 Железо и молибден конкурируют: Seelig MS, “Proposed role of copper– molybdenum interaction in iron-deficiency and iron-storage diseases.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 26, no. 6 (June 1973):657–72.

216 Железо и фосфор конкурируют: Pallarés I et al., “Effects of iron replenishment on iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium metabolism in iron-deficient rats.” International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 66, no. 2 (1996):158–65.

216 Железо негативно влияет: Chareonpong-Kawamoto N et al., “Selenium deficiency as a cause of overload of iron and unbalanced distribution of other minerals.” Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 59, no. 2 (February 1995):302–6.

216 Уровень железа и цинка снижается: Gaby A. Nutritional Medicine. Concord, NH: Perlberg, 2011. См. также Solomons NW et al., “Studies on the bioavailability of zinc in humans: effects of heme and nonheme iron on the absorption of zinc.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, no. 4 (April 1981):475–82.

216 Кальций и магний конкурируют за всасывание: Hendrix ZJ et al., “Competition between calcium, strontium, and magnesium for absorption in the isolated rat intestine.” Clinical Chemistry 12 (December 1963):734–44. См. также Alcock N et al., “Inter-relation of calcium and magnesium absorption.” Clinical Science 22 (April 1962):185–93; De Swart PM et al., “The interrelationship of calcium and magnesium absorption in idiopathic hypercalciuria and renal calcium stone disease.” Journal of Urology 159, no. 56 (May 1998):1650; Giles MM et al., “Magnesium metabolism in preterm infants: effects of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, and of postnatal and gestational age.” Journal of Pediatrics 117, no. 1, part 1 (July 1990):147– 54; Gaby A. Nutritional Medicine. Concord, NH: Perlberg, 2011; PDR for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Physicians’ Desk Reference, 2001, 575.

216 Прием марганца подавляет: Cook JD et al., “The effect of red and white wines on nonheme-iron absorption in humans.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61, no. 4 (1995): 800–4.

216 Уровень магния может снижаться: Greger JL et al., “Effect of dietary protein and phosphorus levels on the utilization of zinc, copper, and manganese by adult males.” Journal of Nutrition 110(1980):2243–53. См. также Gropper SAS, ed. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2005, 473–74; Klimis-Tavantzis DJ, ed. Manganese in Health and Disease. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1994), 47–48.

216 Высокое потребление фосфора конкурирует: Brink EJ et al., “Interaction of calcium and phosphate decreases ileal magnesium solubility and apparent magnesium absorption in rats.” Journal of Nutrition 122, no. 3 (March 1992):580–6.

216 Высокое потребление цинка может снизить: Spencer H et al., “Inhibitory effects of zinc on magnesium balance and magnesium absorption in man.” Journal of the American College of Nutrition 13, no. 5 (October 1994):479–84.

217 Много лет назад: “Multiple vitamin-mineral supplements.” Publix. http://publix.aisle7.net/publix/assets/generic/multiple-vitamin-mineral-supplements/~default.

218 Впервые опубликовано в 1998 году: van den Berg H et al., “Effect of simultaneous, single oral doses of beta-carotene with lutein or lycopene on the betacarotene and retinyl ester responses in the triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein fraction of men.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 68, no. 1 (July 1998):82–9.

219 Автор исследования Эдвард Пол: Warnock S, “Researchers continue to find nutrition’s value in preventing – even treating – AMD.” Primary Care Optometry News. August 2001. healio.com/optometry/retina-vitreous/news /print/primary– care-optometry-news/%7Ba535ed9c-8d7f-4664-b4b4-765b5a161742%7D/researchers-continue-to-find-nutritions-value-in-preventing – even-treating – amd.

222 Кальций необходим для правильного всасывания: Linus Pauling Institute. lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-B12.

222 Уровень витамина D повышается: Khazai N et al., “Calcium and vitamin D: skeletal and extraskeletal health.” Current Rheumatology Reports 10, no. 2 (April 2008):110–7. См. также Heaney RP, “Vitamin D and calcium interactions: functional outcome.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 88, no. 2S (2008):541S–4S.

222 Витамин K и кальций: van Ballegooijen AJ et al., “The synergistic interplay between vitamins D and K for bone and cardiovascular health: a narrative review.” International Journal of Endocrinology 2017 (September 2017):1–12.

222 Бор превращает витамин D: Vitamin D Council. vitamindcouncil.org/about-vitamin-d/vitamin-d-and-other-vitamins-and-minerals/#.W_XQbi3MxE4.

222 Магний помогает сохранить: Lubi M et al., “Magnesium supplementation does not affect blood calcium level in treated hypoparathyroid patients.” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 97, no. 11 (November 2012):E2090–2.

222 Омега-3-жирные кислоты повышают: Orchard TS et al., “A systematic review of omega-3 fatty acids and osteoporosis.” British Journal of Nutrition 107, no. 2 suppl. (2012):S253–60.

222 Высокое потребление калия: Gaby A. Nutritional Medicine. Concord, NH: Perlberg, 2011. См. также Turner KM et al., “Sodium and potassium excretion are related to bone mineral density in women with coeliac disease.” Clinical Nutrition 34, no. 2 (April 2015):265–8.

222 Пищевой кремний помогает: Price CT et al., “Silicon: a review of its potential role in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.” International Journal of Endocrinology 2013 (April 2013):1–6.

223 Витамин E помогает: MedlinePlus. medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002406.htm.

223 Кальций и витамин K: “Proper calcium use: Vitamin K2 as a promoter of bone and cardiovascular health.” Integrative Medicine (Encinitas) 14, no. 1 (2015):34–9.

223 Марганец работает с витамином K: Watts DL, “The nutritional relationships of manganese.” Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine 5, no. 4 (1990):219–22.

223 Витамин B6 работает синергически: Harvard School of Public Health. www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/vitamins/vitamin-b. 192 Vitamin B9 works synergistically: Harvard School of Public Health. www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/vitamins/vitamin-b/.

223 Витамин C работает с B12: MedlinePlus. medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002408.htm.

223 витамин E необходим: Pappu AS et al., “Possible interrelationship between vitamins E and B12 in the disturbance in methylmalonate metabolism in vitamin E deficiency.” Biochemical Journal 172, no. 1 (1978):115–21.

224 Кальций необходим: Bland JS, ed. Clinical Nutrition: A Functional Approach. Federal Way, WA: Institute For Functional Medicine, 2004, 120.

224 Витамины B9 и B12 и железо: Mahmood L, “The metabolic processes of folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency.” Journal of Health Research and Reviews 1(2014):5–9.

224 Витамин А повышает: García-Casal MN et al., “Vitamin A and beta-carotene can improve nonheme iron absorption from rice, wheat and corn by humans.” Journal of Nutrition 128, no. 3 (March 1998):646–50.

224 Рибофлавин необходим: Linus Pauling Institute. lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins /riboflavin.

224 Витамины B9 и B12 и железо: Mahmood L, “The metabolic processes of folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency.” Journal of Health Research and Reviews 1(2014):5–9.

224 Повышенный уровень витамина С: Cook JD et al., “Effect of ascorbic acid intake on nonheme-iron absorption from a complete diet.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 73, no. 1 (January 2001):93–8.

224 Медь имеет физиологическую синергию: Higdon J, ed. An Evidence-Based Approach to Vitamins and Minerals: Health Benefits and Intake Recommendations. New York: Thieme, 2003, 207.

224 Следствие дефицита йода: Hess SY, “The impact of common micronutrient deficiencies on iodine and thyroid metabolism: the evidence from human studies.” Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 24, no. 1 (February 2010):117–32. См. также Higdon J, ed. An Evidence-Based Approach to Vitamins and Minerals: Health Benefits and Intake Recommendations. New York: Thieme, 2003, 132.

224 Большое количество витамина B6: Fathizadeh N et al., “Evaluation the effect of magnesium and magnesium plus vitamin B6 supplement on the severity of premenstrual syndrome.” Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research 15, no. 1 suppl. (December 2010):401–5.

225 Витамин D незначительно повышает: Uwitonze AM et al., “Role of magnesium in vitamin D activation and function.” Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 118, no. 3 (March 2018):181–9. См. также Linus Pauling Institute. lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic /minerals/magnesium.

225 Бор играет важную роль: Naghii MR et al., “The role of boron in nutrition and metabolism.” Progress in Food and Nutrition Science 17, no. 4 (October – December 1993):331–49.

225 магний помогает сохранить кальций в сыворотке крови: Higdon J, ed. An EvidenceBased Approach to Vitamins and Minerals: Health Benefits and Intake Recommendations. New York: Thieme, 2003, 149.

225 Калий и магний работают синергически: Bara M et al., “Regulation of sodium and potassium pathways by magnesium in cell membranes.” Magnesium Research 6, no. 2 (June 1993):167–77.

225 Магний необходим: ScienceDirect. sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry – genetics-and-molecular-biology/gamma-linolenic-acid.

225 По словам покойного Дерека Шримптона: Shrimpton DH, “Nutritional implications of micronutrient interactions.” Chemist and Druggist 15 (2004):38–41. Chapter 7: Supplementation and Testing Methods Beyond the ABCs 201 research indicates that larger quantities: Cockayne S et al., “Vitamin K and the prevention of fractures: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.” Archives of Internal Medicine 166, no. 12 (2006):1256–61.

234 Исследовния показали, что добавки ГЛК: Kruger MC et al., “Calcium, gamma-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation in senile osteoporosis.” Aging 10, no. 5 (October 1998):385–94.

236 Помните, свободные радикалы: Darden AG et al., “Osteoclastic superoxide production and bone resorption: stimulation and inhibition by modulators of NADPH oxidase.” Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 11, no. 5 (May 1996):671–5. См. также Fraser JH et al., “Hydrogen peroxide, but not superoxide, stimulates bone resorption in mouse calvariae.” Bone 19, no. 3 (September 1996):223–6; Yang S et al., “Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in the formation of superoxide in osteoclasts.” Calcified Tissue International 63, no. 4 (October 1998):346–50; Yang S et al., “A new superoxide-generating oxidase in murine osteoclasts.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, no. 8 (February 2001):5452–8.

236 Те, у кого самый низкий уровень: Nuttall S et al., “Glutathione: in sickness and in health.” Lancet 351, no. 9103 (1998):645–6.

236 Строить крепкие кости: Lean JM et al., “A crucial role for thiol antioxidants in estrogen-deficiency bone loss.” Journal of Clinical Investigation 112, no. 6 (2003):915– 23. См. также Rendina E et al., “Dried plum’s unique capacity to reverse bone loss and alter bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporosis model.” PLoS One 8, no. 3(2013):e60569.

236 Строить крепкую иммунную систему: Dröge W et al., “Glutathione and immune function.” Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, no. 4 (November 2000):595–600.

236 Снизить воспаление: Chatterton DE et al., “Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of bioactive milk proteins in the intestine of newborns.” International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 45, no. 8 (August 2013):1730–47. См. также Rahman I et al., “Oxidative stress and regulation of glutathione in lung inflammation,” European Clinical Respiratory Journal 16, no. 3 (September 2000):534–54.

236 Оптимизировать центральную нервную систему: Viña J et al., “Molecular bases of the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease with antioxidants: prevention of oxidative stress.” Molecular Aspects of Medicine 25, no. 1–2 (February – April 2004):117–23.

236 Бороться с инфекциями: Ghezzi P et al. “Role of glutathione in immunity and inflammation in the lung.” International Journal of General Medicine 4(2011):105–13.

236 Предотвращать рак: Parodi PW et al. “A role for milk proteins and their peptides in cancer prevention.” Current Pharmaceutical Design 13, no. 8 (2007):813–28.

236 Помогать в лечении СПИДа: De Rosa SC et al., “N-acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione in HIV infection.” European Journal of Clinical Investigation 30, no. 10 (October 2000):915–29.

236 Выводить токсины: Farombi EO et al., “The effect of modulation of glutathione levels on markers for aflatoxin B1-induced cell damage.” African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 34, no. 1 (March 2005):37–43.

236 Защищать организм от повреждения алкоголем: Matsumoto H et al., “New biological function of bovine alpha-lactalbumin: protective effect against ethanol– and stressinduced gastric mucosal injury in rats.” Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 65, no. 5 (May 2001):1104–11.

236 Поддерживать здоровье сердца: Gerdes SK et al., “Bioactive components of whey and cardiovascular health.” Applications monograph. U.S. Dairy Export Council. 2001; См. также Zhang X et al., “Lowering effect of dietary milk-whey protein v. casein on plasma and liver cholesterol concentrations in rats.” British Journal of Nutrition, 70, no. 1 (July 1993):139–46.

236 Повысить силу и выносливость: Willoughby DS et al., “Effects of resistance training and protein plus amino acid supplementation on muscle anabolism, mass, and strength.” Amino Acids 32, no. 4 (2007):467–77.

236 Сдвинуть метаболизм: Hyman M, “Essential glutathione: the mother of all antioxidants.” drhyman.com/blog/2010/05/19/glutathione-the-mother-of-all-antioxidants /#close.

236 Вывести тяжелые металлы: Patrick L, “Mercury toxicity and antioxidants: part 1: role of glutathione and alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of mercury toxicity.” Alternative Medicine Review 7, no. 6 (December 2002):456–71. См. также Kromidas L et al., “The protective effects of glutathione against methylmercury cytotoxicity.” Toxicology Letters 51, no. 1 (March 1990):67–80.

236 Способствовать долголетию: Lang CA et al., “High blood glutathione levels accompany excellent physical and mental health in women ages 60 to 103 years.” Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 6 (December 2002):413–7.

238 высокий уровень эстрогенов связан: Cassidy A et al., “Biological effects of a diet of soy protein rich in isoflavones on the menstrual cycle of premenopausal women.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, no. 3 (September 1994):333–40.

238 Это может привести к снижению метаболизма: Nienhiser JC, “Studies showing adverse effects of isoflavones, 1950–2013.” Weston A. Price Foundation. westonaprice.org/ health-topics/soy-alert/studies-showing-adverse-effects-of-isoflavones-1950-2010.

240 Метаболизм этиловых эфиров жирных кислот: Lawson LD et al., “Human absorption of fish oil fatty acids as triacylglycerols, free acids, or ethyl esters.” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 152, no. 1 (1988):328–35. См. также el Boustani, S et al., “Enteral absorption in man of eicosapentaenoic acid in different chemical forms.” Lipids 22, no. 10 (1987): 711–4; Ikeda I. et al., “Digestion and lymphatic transport of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids given in the form of triacylglycerol, free acid and ethyl ester in rats.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1259, no. 3(1995):297–304; Krokan HE et al., “The enteral bioavailability of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid is as good from ethyl esters as from glyceryl esters in spite of lower hydrolytic rates by pancreatic lipase in vitro.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1168, no. 1 (1993):59–67; Yang LY et al., “Lipolysis of menhaden oil triacylglycerols and the corresponding fatty acid alkyl esters by pancreatic lipase in vitro: a reexamination.” Journal of Lipid Research 31, no. 1 (1990):137–47.

240 Триглицеридная форма омега-3-жирных кислот по крайней мере на 70 процентов лучше: Dyerberg J et al., “Bioavailability of marine n-3 fatty acid formulations.” Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 83, no. 3 (September 2010):137–41.

240 Одно исследование показало, что ЭПК и ДГК: Lawson LD et al., “Human absorption of fish oil fatty acids as triacylglycerols, free acids, or ethyl esters.” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 152, no. 1 (1988):328–35.

240 Триглицеридная форма омега-3-жирных кислот намного стабильнее: Lee H et al., “Analysis of headspace volatile and oxidized volatile compounds in DHA-enriched fish oil on accelerated oxidative storage.” Journal of Food Science 68, no. 7 (2003):2169–77.

241 Проблема растительных добавок омега-3-жирных кислот: Linus Pauling Institute. lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/other-nutrients/essential-fatty-acids#metabolism – bioavailability.

242 Ученые согласны, что разделение ЭПК и ДГК: Peet M. et al., United States Patent #8188146. May 29, 2012. См. также Kelly OJ et al., “Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids may mutually benefit both obesity and osteoporosis.” Nutrition Research 33, no. 7 (July 2013):521–33.

243 Когда рыбий жир окисляется: García-Hernández VM et al., “Effect of omega-3 dietary supplements with different oxidation levels in the lipidic profile of women: a randomized controlled trial.” International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 64, no. 8 (December 2013):993–1000.

243 Новозеландские исследователи: Albert BB et al., “Fish oil supplements in New Zealand are highly oxidised and do not meet label content of n-3 PUFA.” Scientific Reports 5 (January 2015):7928.

243 Похожее исследование из Южной Африки: Opperman M et al., “Analysis of the omega-3 fatty acid content of South African fish oil supplements: a follow-up study.” Cardiovascular Journal of Africa 24, no. 8 (September 2013):297–302.

244 Исследование 2012 года: Laupsa-Borge J. “Velg ferske og naturlige omega-3 produkter.” Helsemagasinet Vitenskap & Fornuft, December 9, 2012.

244 недавнее канадское исследование: Jackowski SA et al., “Oxidation levels of North American over-the-Counter n-3 (omega-3) supplements and the influence of supplement formulation and delivery form on evaluating oxidative safety.” Journal of Nutritional Science 4, no. 4 (November 2015):e30.

244 мы рекомендуем принимать льняное масло: de Carvalho WF, “The role of mixotrophy in the ecology of marine phytoplankton.” Dissertation, University of Kalmar, Faculty of Natural Science, 2007, 1650–2779.

244 К тому же исследования показывают: Linus Pauling Institute. lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/other-nutrients/essential-fatty-acids#metabolism-bioavailability.

246 Вы, возможно, уже слышали: Kaunitz H et al., “Coconut oil consumption and coronary heart disease.” Philippine Journal of Internal Medicine 30 (1992):165–71. см. также Baba N, “Enhanced thermogenesis and diminished deposition of fat in response to overfeeding with diet containing medium-chain triglycerides.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 35, no. 4 (April 1982):678–82; Melissa Clark, “Once a villain, coconut oil charms the health food world.” New York Times, March 1, 2011; Enig MG, “Coconut: In support of good health in the 21st century.” Paper presented at the 36th meeting of the Asian Pacific Coconut Community. January 1999; Thyroid-Info. thyroid-info.com/articles/ray-peat.htm; Kabara JJ et al., “Fatty acids and derivatives as antimicrobial agents.” Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2, no. 1 (July 1972):23–8; Ogbolu DO et al., “In vitro antimicrobial properties of coconut oil on Candida species in Ibadan, Nigeria.” Journal of Medicinal Food 10, no. 2 (June 2007):384–7; Ruzin A et al., “Equivalence of Lauric acid and glycerol monolaurate as inhibitors of signal transduction in Staphylococcus aureus.” Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 9 (May 2000):2668–71.

246 но рецензируемые опубликованные исследования: Dean W et al., “Beneficial Effects on Energy, Atherosclerosis and Aging.” Nutrition Review, April 22, 2013. См. также StOnge MP, “Weight-loss diet that includes consumption of medium-chain triacylglycerol oil leads to a greater rate of weight and fat mass loss than does olive oil.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87, no. 3 (March 2008):621–6; Stubbs RJ, “Covert manipulation of the ratio of medium– to long-chain triglycerides in isoenergetically dense diets: effect on food intake in ad libitum feeding men.” International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 20, no. 5 (May 1996):435–44.

247 Недавние исследования продемонстрировали: Xu X et al., “Intestinal microbiota: a potential target for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.” Bone Research 4, no. 5 (October 2017):17046.

247 Одно недавнее исследование определило: Nilsson AG et al., “Lactobacillus reuteri reduces bone loss in older women with low bone mineral density: a randomized, placebocontrolled, double-blind, clinical trial.” Journal of Internal Medicine 284, no. 3 (June 2018):307–17.

248 молочная кислота снижает pH в кишечнике: Markowiak P et al., “Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health.” Nutrients 9 no. 9: (September 2017): 1021. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/9/1021/htm

248 Производит короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты: Serpa J et al., “Butyrate-rich colonic microenvironment is a relevant selection factor for metabolically adapted tumor cells.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 285, no. 50 (December 2010):39211–23.

248 Дает силу клеткам кишечника: Rao RK et al., “Protection and restitution of gut barrier by probiotics: nutritional and clinical implications.” Current Nutrition and Food Science 9, no. 2 (2013):99–107.

248 Снижает эффект пищевых фитатов: Gaón D et al., “[Lactose digestion by milk fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei of human origin].” Medicina (B Aires) 55, no. 3 (1995):237–42. [Статья на испанском.]; См. также LeBlanc JG et al. “Beneficial effects on host energy metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and vitamins produced by commensal and probiotic bacteria.” Microbial Cell Factories 16, no. 1 (2017):79.

248 Производит важные витамины: Ríos-Covián D et al., “Intestinal short chain fatty acids and their link with diet and human health.” Frontiers in Microbiology 7 (2016):185. См. также Rao RK et al., “Protection and restitution of gut barrier by probiotics: nutritional and clinical implications.” Current Nutrition and Food Science 9, no. 2 (2013):99–107; Markowiak P et al., “Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health.” Nutrients 9, no. 9 (2017).

248 Снижает уровень стресса: Messaoudi M et al., “Beneficial psychological effects of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) in healthy human volunteers.” Gut Microbes 2, no. 4 (July – August 2011):256–61. См. также Nutraceutical Business Review. nutraceuticalbusinessreview.com/news/article _page/Addressing_stress_and_anxiety_with_probiotics/103853.

250 Одно важное клиническое исследование: Amstrup AK et al., “Melatonin improves bone mineral density at the femoral neck in postmenopausal women with osteopenia: a randomized controlled trial.” Journal of Pineal Research 59, no. 2 (September 2015):221–9.

250 Мелатонин способствует дифференциации остеобластов: Roth JA et al., “Melatonin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 274, no. 31 (July 1999):22041–7.

250 Мелатонин показал: Kotlarczyk MP et al., “Melatonin osteoporosis prevention study (MOPS): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examining the effects of melatonin on bone health and quality of life in perimenopausal women.” Journal of Pineal Research 52(2012):414–26. См. также Amstrup AK et al., “Melatonin improves bone mineral density at the femoral neck in postmenopausal women with osteopenia: a randomized controlled trial.” Journal of Pineal Research 59, no. 2 (September 2015):221–9.

251 Одно исследование показало, что прием ДГЭА: Weiss EP et al., “Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy in older adults: 1– and 2-y effects on bone.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, no. 5 (May 2009):1459–67.

251 Другое исследование обнаружило, что и мужчины, и женщины: Villareal DT et al., “Effects of DHEA replacement on bone mineral density and body composition in elderly women and men.” Clinical Endocrinology 53, no. 5 (November 2000):561–8.

252 стронций тяжелее кальция: Mirza FS et al., “Change in bone mineral density with strontium citrate: an illusion or reality.” Journal of Nutritional Health and Food Science 4, no. 3 (2016):1–3. См. также Blaschko SD et al., “Strontium substitution for calcium in lithogenesis.” Journal of Urology 189, no. 2 (2012):735–9.

253 Исследования доказали: Turner MR et al., “Functional vitamin B12 deficiency.” Practical Neurology 9, no. 1 (February 2009): 37–41.

253 Ученые определили, что: Duncan A et al., “Quantitative Data on the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response and its effect on micronutrient status based on plasma measurements.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 95, no. 1 (January2012):64–71.