Текст книги "Реформация. Полная история протестантизма"

59. Harrison, ‘Role of women in Anabaptist thought and practice’, 57–58.

60. P. McNair, ‘Ochino’s Apology: Three Gods or Three Wives?’, History 60 (1975), 353–373.

61. Cottret, Calvin, с. 184.

62. Об условиях развода, см.: G. Bray (ed.), Tudor Church Reform: the Henrician Canons of 1535 and the Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasticarum (Church of England Record Society 9, 2000), с. 264–279, и Вступление, pp. xli – lxxvi.

63. Familie exercise; or, The service of God in families (Edinburgh, 1641), цит. по: Todd, Protestantism in Scotland, с. 265.

64. Bossy, English Catholic Community, с. 145–147; для сравнения см. выше, гл. 7, с. 399.

65. M. Aston, ‘Segregation in Church’, in W. J. Sheils and D. Wood (eds), Women in the Church (SCH 27, 1990), 237–294; D. Hey (ed.) R. Gough, The History of Myddle (London, 1981).

66. P. Marshall, ‘The company of heaven: identity and sociability in the Engish Protestant afterlife c. 1560–1640’, Historical Reflections/Reflexions Historiques 26 (2000), 311–333 [331–332].

67. Цит. по: S. Wabuda, ‘The woman with the rock: the controversy on women and Bible reading’, in S. Wabuda and C. Litzenberger (eds), Belief and Practice in Reformation England (Cambridge, 1998), с. 40–59 [40].

68. M. R. G. Spiller, ‘A literary “first”: the sonnet sequence of Anne Locke (1560)’, Renaissance Studies 11 (1997), 41–55.

69. Matheson, Imaginative World, с. 133.

70. Цифры приводятся по источнику: James D. Tracy, обзор: W. Bergsma, Tussen Gideonsbende en publieke kerk: een studie over gereformeerd Protestantisme in Friesland, 1580–1610 (Hilversum, 1999), in SCJ 32 (2001), 893; см. также гл. 8.

71. P. Crawford, Women and Religion in England, 1500–1720 (London and New York, 1993), с. 143.

72. Bonomi, Under the Cope of Heaven, с. 111–113.

73. Matheson, Imaginative World, с. 130.

74. Bonomi, Under the Cope of Heaven, с. 113.

75. R. B. Shoemaker, ‘The decline of public insult in London 1660–1800’, PP 169 (Nov. 2000), 97–130 [128]: T. Isaacs, ‘The Anglican hierarchy and the reformation of manners 1688–1738’, JEH 33 (1982), 391–411.

76. Locke, Second Treatise of Government and a letter concerning Toleration, цит. по: R. A. Houlbrooke, The English Family 1450–1700 (London and New York, 1984), с. 99.

17. Итоги

1. Полезная перспектива: J. F. Bosher, ‘The Franco-Catholic danger, 1660–1715’, History 79 (1994), 5–30.

2. Cunningham and Grell, Four Horsemen, с. 95; также см. подробное обсуждение темы: ibid., гл. 3.

3. Bosher, ‘Franco-Catholic danger’, 9.

4. DaVies, God’s Playground, с. 171.

5. P. Cattermole, Church Bells and Bell-ringing: a Norfolk profile (Woodbridge, 1990), гл. 1, особ. с. 21, 24.

6. Ср. особ.: R. Fletcher, The Cross and the Crescent: Christianity and Islam from Muhammad to the Reformation (London, 2003): в главе 4 он дает общее представление об этой в целом мрачной картине.

7. О средневековых дискуссиях о толерантности, см.: C. J. Nederman, Worlds of Difference: European discourses of toleration c. 1100 – c. 1550 (Philadelphia, 2000).

8. Для сравнения: M. Turchetti, ‘Religious concord and political tolerance in 16^th and 17^th century France’, SCJ 22 (1991), 15–26; M. C. Smith, ‘Early French advocates of religious freedom’, SCJ 25 (1994), 29–51.

9. P. Geyl, The Revolt of the Netherlands 1555–1609 (London, 2^nd edn. 1958), с. 81. Достойное рассмотрение вопроса о мартирологах, см.: B. Gregory: Salvation at Stake: Christian martyrdom in early modern Europe (Cambridge, MA, 1999).

10. Murdock, Calvinism on the Frontier, с. 111, 113, 122–123.

11. Фраза принадлежит покойному Роберту Скрибнеру: Robert Scribner’s: ‘Preconditions of tolerance and intolerance in sixteenth century Germany’, in Grell and Scribner (eds), Tolerance in the Reformation, с. 32–47 [34].

12. J. I. Israel, The Dutch Republic: its rise, greatness and fall 1477–1806 (Oxford, 1995). с. 501–505.

13. Расчет приводится по: Brad Gregory, Salvation at Stake, с. 6.

14. A. Tallon, Le Concile de Trente (Paris, 2000), процитировано в обзоре: F. J. Baumgartner, SCJ 32 (2001), 1186. О Бугенхагене и Лютере: Rummel, Humanism, с. 44, 57.

15. Rummel, Humanism, с. 90–101.

16. D. Stevenson, The Origins of Freemasonry: Scotland’s century, 1590–1710 (Cambridge, 1988), особ. с. 76 и гл. 3.

17. A. Weeks, Paracelsus: speculative theory and the crisis of the early Reformation (Albany, NY, 1997), с. 46.

18. K. Biegger, ’De invocatione beatae Mariae Virginis’: Paracelsus und die Marienverehrung (Kosmosophie 6, 1990), особ. с. 26–38, 51, 163, 197, 201, 254–255.

19. C. Webster, From Paracelsus to Newton: magic and the making of modern science (Cambridge, 1982), особ. с. 56–58.

20. H. Hotson, Johann Heinrich Alsted, 1588–1638: between Renaissance, Reformation and Universal Reform (Oxford, 2000), особ. гл. 5; Hotson, Paradise Postponed: Johann Heinrich Alsted and the birth of Calvinist millenarianism (Dordrecht, 2000).

21. Webster, From Paracelsus to Newton, с. 41–42, 68–71; для сравнения: R. S. Westfall, Never at Rest: a biography of Isaac Newton (Cambridge, 1980).

22. Yates, Rosicrucian Enlightenment, с. 116–117.

23. Yates, Rosicrucian Enlightenment, с. 159; Webster, From Paracelsus to Newton, с. 61–63.

24. M. Peltonen (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Bacon (Cambridge, 1996), с. 124–125; P. Zagorin, Francis Bacon (Princeton, 1998), 91.

25. R. K. French, William Harvey’s Natural Philosophy (Cambridge, 1994), с. 326–327; A. Johns, ‘Identity, practice and trust in early modern natural philosophy’, HJ 42 (1999), 1125–1146 [1130].

26. C. S. Dixon, ‘Popular astrology and Lutheran propaganda in Reformation Germany’, History 84 (1999), 403–418; см. также: гл. 11, с. 490–491.

27. Cottret, Calvin, с. 285–286.

28. J. Bossy, Giordano Bruno and the Embassy Affair (New Haven and London, 1991), ч. II.

29. M. Sharratt, Galileo: decisive innovator (Oxford, 1994).

30. T. van Nouhuys, ‘Netherlandish heterodoxy in the United Provinces of the early seventeenth century’, неопубликованное исследование.

31. О евреях-сефардах в Коллеж-де-Гиень см. выше, гл. 4, с. 246.

32. I. A. Rashkow, ‘Hebrew Bible Translation and the fear of Judaization’, SCJ 21 (1990), 217–233, особ. с. 217, 219–220. Для сравнения: H. O. Oberman, ‘Discovery of Hebrew and Discrimination against the Jews: the Veritas Hebraica as Double-Edged Sword in Renaissance and Reformation’, in A. C. Fix and S. Karant-Nunn (eds), Germania Illustrata: essays on early modern Germany presented to Gerald Strauss (SCES 18, 1992), 19–34, с. 23–24.

33. C. Augustijn, Erasmus: his life, works, and influence (Toronto, 1992), с. 111.

34. CWE, R. A. B. Mynors, D. F. S. Thomson et al. (eds), Correspondence, v, с. 347 (пунктуация изменена); P. S. Allen, H. M. Allen and H. W. Garrod (eds), Opus Epistolarum Des. Erasmi Roterodami… (12 vols, Oxford 1906–1958), iii, no. 798; для сравнения: no. 597, с. 6; no. 629, с. 52. H. M. Pabel, ‘Erasmus of Rotterdam and Judaism: a re-evaluation in the Light of new evidence’, ARG 87 (1996), 9–37.

35. R. Marius, Martin Luther: the Christian between God and death (Cambridge, MA, and London, 1999), гл. 22. Тексты: WA, xi, с. 314–336 (1523); WA, liii, с. 417–552, 573–648 (1543).

36. R. Po-chia Hsia, The Myth of Ritual Murder: Jews and magic in Reformation Germany (New Haven and London, 1988), с. 136–143.

37. W. Nijenhuis, ‘A remarkable historical argumentation in Bucer’s «Judenratschlag»’; ‘Bucer and the Jews’ in Nijenhuis, Ecclesia Reformata: studies on the Reformation (2 vols, Leiden, 1972, 1994), i, с. 23–72: ‘so ist der Päpstler und Juden glaube und Religion eben ein ding’: ibid., i., с. 48, и для сравнения: с. 52.

38. P. L. Avis, ‘Moses and the Magistrate: a study in the rise of Protestant legalism’, JEH 26 (1975), 149–172 [163–165].

39. D. S. Katz, Philosemitism and the Readmission of the Jews to England, 1603–1655 (Oxford, 1982), с. 212, 220.

40. Murdock, Calvinism on the Frontier, с. 113.

41. Z. David, ‘Hájek, Dubravius and the Jews: a contrast in sixteenth-century Czech historiography’, SCJ 27 (1996), 997–1013 [998, 1009].

42. J. Friedman, ‘Unitarians and New Christians in sixteenth-century Europe’, ARG 81 (1996), 9–37.

43. A. del Col, J. and A. Tedeschi (trans.), Domenico Scandella known as Menocchio: his trials before the Inquisition (1583–1599) (Binghamton NY, 1996): данный случай образно, хотя и не слишком любезно, проанализирован в кн.: C. Ginzburg, J. and A. Tedeschi (trans.), The Cheese and the Worms (London, 1980).

44. J. Edwards, ‘Religious faith and doubt in late medieval Spain: Soria circa 1450–1500’, PP 120 (Aug. 1988), 3–25 [19].

45. J. Edwards, ‘Portugal and the expulsion of the Jews from Spain’, in Medievo hispano: estudois in memoriam del Prof. Derek W. Lomax (Madrid, 1995), с. 121–139 [137].

46. B. J. Kaplan, ‘“Remnants of the Papal Yoke”: apathy and opposition in the Dutch Reformation’, SCJ 25 (1994), 653–668.

47. D. M. Swetschinski, Reluctant Cosmopolitans: the Portuguese Jews of seventeenth-century Amsterdam (London, 2000).

48. J. I. Israel, Radical Enlightenment: philosophy and the making of modernity 1650–1750 (Oxford, 2001), с. 159–174.

49. J. Overhoff, ‘The theology of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan’, JEH 51 (2000), 527–555.

50. Israel, Radical Enlightenment, с. 695–700.

51. R. H. Popkins, Isaac la Peyrère (1596–1676): his life, work and influence (Leiden, 1987).

52. Katz, Philosemitism and the Readmission of the Jews to England…

53. D. Berman, A History of Atheism in Britain from Hobbes to Russell (London, 1988), с. 35–37.

54. A. C. Fix, ‘Radical religion and the age of reason’, in Fix and Karant-Nunn (eds), Germania Illustrata, 35–55 [54]; Fix, Prophecy and Reason: the Dutch Collegiants in the early Enlightenment (Princeton, 1991).

55. H. D. Rack, Reasonable Enthusiast: John Wesley and the rise of Methodism (London, 1989).

56. Превосходное повествование обо всех этих направлениях: W. R. Ward, The Protestant Evangelical Awakening (Cambridge, 1992).

57. Надежные современные источники статистических данных, помимо тех, что собраны (как правило, добросовестно) господствующими Церквями и деноминациями: P. Briereley (ed.), The World churches handbook: based on the Operation world database by Patrick Johnstone, WEC International, 1993 (London, 1997); P. Briereley and H. Wraight (eds), Atlas of world Christianity: 2000 years (Alresford, 1998).

58. C. Allen, The Buddha and the Sahibs: the men who discovered India’s lost religion (London, 2002).

59. H. Küng, Judaism (London, 1992), с. 24.

60. Matheson, Imaginative World, с. 81.

61. Этим наблюдением со мной поделился Герберт Маккейб; тем вечером было много вина, виски и споров.

62. Предисловие Артура Голдинга к Beneficio di Cristo, 1573: цит. по: M. A. Overell, Notes and Queries new series 25 (Oct 1978), 425.

К дальнейшему прочтению

В этом разделе указаны труды, предназначенные для общего вводного чтения, а также классические работы, посвященные различным темам, связанным с Реформацией и Контрреформацией, и областям, в которых они происходили. Источники по конкретным темам цитируются в примечаниях, относящихся к каждой главе, часто на языке оригинала, и отсылки к данным книгам не обязательно будут повторяться здесь; то же самое относится к книгам, приведенным в таблице аббревиатур. Труды, подходящие для первого знакомства с темой, отмечены звездочкой*.

Общие работы

E. Cameron, The European Reformation (Oxford, 1991).

*O. Chadwick, The Reformation (London, 1964).

O. Chadwick, The Early Reformation on the Continent (Oxford, 2001).

F. L. Cross and E. A. Livingstone (eds), The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd revised edition, Oxford, 1995).

E. Eisenstein, The Printing Revolution in early modern Europe (Cambridge, 1983).

M. Greengrass (ed.), Conquest and Coalescence: the shaping of the state in early modern Europe (London, 1991) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

H. J. Hillerbrand (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Reformation (4 vols, Oxford, 1996).

C. Lindberg (ed.), The European Reformations Sourcebook (Oxford, 2000) [документы].

*A. E. McGrath, Reformation Thought. An Introduction (3rd edn, Oxford, 1999).

W. R. Naphy (ed.), Documents on the Continental Reformation (Basingstoke, 1996) [документы].

*A. Pettegree (ed.), The Early Reformation in Europe (Cambridge, 1992) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

* A. Pettegree (ed.), The Reformation World (London, 2000) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

*B. Scribner, R. Porter and M. Teich (eds), The Reformation in National Context (Cambridge, 1994) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

*D. C. Steinmetz, Reformers in the Wings: from Geiler von Kayserberg to Theodore Beza (2nd edn, Oxford, 2001) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

*J. D. Tracy, Europe’s Reformations 1450–1650 (Lanham and New York, 2000).

Общая картина Средневековья

*J. Bossy, Christianity in the West 1400–1700 (Oxford, 1985).

E. Duffy, The Stripping of the Altars: traditional religion in England 1400–1580 (New Haven and London, 1992).

B. Hamilton, Religion in the medieval West (London, 1986).

R. I. Moore, The Formation of a Persecuting Society: power and deviance in Western Europe 950–1250 (Oxford, 1987).

Гуманизм и Эразм

*P. Burke, The Renaissance (Basingstoke, 1987).

*J. Huizinga, Erasmus of Rotterdam (London, 1952).

*J. K. McConica, Erasmus (Oxford, 1991).

*R. Porter and M. Teich (eds), The Renaissance in National Context (Cambridge, 1992) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

Лютер

*A. G. Dickens, Martin Luther and the Reformation (London, 1967).

B. Lohse, Martin Luther: an introduction to his life and work (Edinburgh, 1986).

R. Marius, Martin Luther: the Christian between God and death (Cambridge, MA, 1999).

Цюрих, Кальвин и традиция кальвинистов

B. Cottret, Calvin: a biography (Grand Rapids and Edinburgh, 2000).

*U. Gäbler, Huldrych Zwingli: his life and work (Edinburgh, 1986).

*A. Pettegree, A. Duke and G. Lewis (eds), Calvinism in Europe, 1540–1620 (Cambridge, 1994) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

G. R. Potter, Zwingli (Cambridge, 1976).

*M. Prestwich (ed.), International Calvinism 1548–1715 (Oxford, 1985) [с примерами конкретных случаев].

F. Wendel, Calvin: the origins and development of his religious thought (London, 1963).

Counter-Reformation *R. Bireley, The Refashioning of Catholicism, 1450–1700 (Basingstoke, 1999).

*M. Greengrass, The French Reformation (Oxford, 1987).

*M. D. W. Jones, The Counter Reformation: religion and society in early modern Europe (Cambridge, 1995).

J. W. O’Malley, The First Jesuits (Cambridge, MA, 1993).

*M. A. Mullett, The Catholic Reformation (London, 1999).

R. Po-Chia Hsia, The World of Catholic Renewal, 1540–1770 (Cambridge, 1998).

Радикальная религия

*H-J. Goertz, The Anabaptists (London, 1996).

H-J. Goertz (ed.), Profiles of Radical Reformers: biographical sketches from Thomas Muntzer to Paracelsus (Ann Arbor, MI, 1982).

*M. Mullett, Radical Religious Movements in Early Modern Europe (London, 1980).

G. H. Williams, The Radical Reformation (3rd edn, Kirksville, MO, 1992).

Расширение мира

*P. Bonomi, Under the Cope of Heaven: religion, society and politics in Colonial America (New York and Oxford, 1986).

G. V. Scammell, The First Imperial Age: European Overseas Expansion c. 1400–1715 (London, 1989).

A. D. Wright, The Counter-Reformation: Catholic Europe and the non-Catholic World (London, 1982).

Особые области

(также см. выше для ознакомления с конкретными примерами).

Центральная Европа (земли Габсбургов)

K. Maag (ed.), The Reformation in Eastern and Central Europe (Aldershot, 1997).

P. S. Wandycz, The Price of Freedom: a history of east central Europe from the Middle Ages to the present (London, 1992) [здесь можно узнать и о Польше].

Англия и Уэльс

*S. Doran and C. Durston, Princes, pastors and people: the Church and religion in England, 1500–1700 (revised edn, London, 2002).

D. Cressy and L. A. Ferrell (eds), Religion and Society in Early Modern England: a sourcebook (London, 1996) [документы].

*D. MacCulloch, The Later Reformation in England 1547–1603 (2nd edn, Basingstoke, 2000).

*J. Spurr, The Restoration Church of England, 1646–1689 (New Haven and London, 1991).

Франция

J. Garrison, A History of sixteenth-century France, 1438–1589 (Basingstoke, 1995).

*M. Greengrass, The French Reformation (Oxford, 1987).

H. Phillips, Church and Culture in 17th century France (Cambridge, 1997).

Германия

*C. S. Dixon, The Reformation in Germany (Oxford, 2002).

*P. H. Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire, 1495–1806 (Basingstoke, 1999).

*R. W. Scribner, The German Reformation (Basingstoke, 1986).

Испания и Португалия

*J. Edwards, The Spanish Inquisition (Stroud, 1999).

H. Kamen, Inquisition and Society in Spain: in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (London, 1985).

*H. Rawlings, Church, Religion and Society in Early Modern Spain (Basingstoke, 2002).

Ирландия

A. Ford, The Protestant Reformation in Ireland, 1590–1641 (2nd edn, Dublin, 1997).

R. Gillespie, Devoted People: belief and religion in early modern Ireland (Dublin, 1997).

Италия

*C. F. Black, Early Modern Italy: a social history (London, 2001).

S. Caponetto, The Protestant Reformation in sixteenth century Italy (SCES 43, 1998).

*D. Hay and J. Law, Italy in the Age of the Renaissance, 1380–1530 (London, 1989).

Нидерланды

*G. Darby (ed.), The Origins and Development of the Dutch Revolt (London and New York, 2001).

J. Israel, The Dutch Republic: its rise, greatness and fall, 1477–1806 (Oxford, 1995).

Речь Посполитая

N. Davies, God’s Playground: a History of Poland. 1: the origins to 1795 (Oxford, 1981).

*J. Kloczowski, A History of Polish Christianity (Cambridge, 2000).

Скандинавия

O. P. Grell (ed.), The Scandinavian Reformation: from evangelical movement to institutionalization of reform (Cambridge, 1994).

S. P. Oakley, War and Peace in the Baltic 1560–1790 (London, 1992).

Шотландия

*I. B. Cowan, The Scottish Reformation: church and society in 16th century Scotland (London, 1982).

M. Todd, The Culture of Protestantism in Early Modern Scotland (New Haven and London, 2002).

Юго-Восточная Европа

J. McCarthy, The Ottoman Turks: an introductory history to 1923 (London, 1997).

G. Murdock, Calvinism on the Frontier 1600–1660: international Calvinism and the Reformed Church in Hungary and Transylvania (Oxford, 2000).

Особые темы

Искусство и архитектура

*J. Dillenberger, Style and Content in Christian Art (New York, 1965).

*A. Graham-Dixon, Renaissance (London, 1999).

C. Harbison, The Mirror of the Artist: Northern Renaissance Art in its Historical Context (New York, 1995).

J. F. White, Protestant Worship and Church Architecture (New York and Oxford, 1964).

Иконоборство

M. Aston, England’s Iconoclasts I. Laws against images (Oxford, 1988).

C. M. N. Eire, War against the Idols: the reformation of worship from Erasmus to Calvin (Cambridge, 1986).

S. Michalski, The Reformation and the Visual Arts: The Protestant image question in western and eastern Europe (London, 1993).

Иудаизм

*J. Edwards, The Jews in Christian Europe, 1400–1700 (London and New York, 1991).

J. Israel, European Jewry in the age of mercantilism, 1550–1750 (3rd edn, Oxford, 1998).

N. Roth, Conversos, inquisition and the expulsion of the Jews from Spain (Madison, WI, 1995).

Менталитет и общество

A. Cunningham and O. P. Grell, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: religion, war, famine and death in Reformation Europe (Cambridge, 2000).

*H. Kamen, European Society 1500–1700 (London, 1985).

P. Spierenburg, The Broken Spell: a cultural and anthropological history of Pre-Industrial Europe (Basingstoke, 1991).

Наука и натурфилософия

J. Hedley Brooke, Science and Religion: some historical perspectives (Cambridge, 1991).

*J. Henry, The Scientific Revolution and the Origins of Modern Science (2nd edn, Basingstoke, 2002).

D. C. Lindberg and R. S. Westman (eds), Reappraisals of the Scientific Revolution (Cambridge, 1990).

Сексуальность и семья

S. Ozment, Ancestors: the loving family in old Europe (Cambridge, MA, 2001).

*W. R. Naphy, Sex Crimes from Renaissance to Enlightenment (Stroud, 2002).

M. Wiesner-Hanks, Christianity and Sexuality in the Early Modern World: regulating desire, reforming practice (London, 2000).

Терпимость и гонения

B. S. Gregory, Salvation at Stake: Christian martyrdom in early modern Europe (Cambridge, MA, 1999).

O. Grell and B. Scribner (eds), Tolerance and Intolerance in the European Reformation (Cambridge, 1996).

P. Zagorin, Ways of Lying: dissimulation, persecution and conformity in early modern Europe (Cambridge, MA, 1990).

Колдовство

J. Barry, M. Hester and G. Roberts (eds), Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe: studies in culture and belief (Cambridge, 1996).

L. Roper, Oedipus and the Devil: witchcraft, sexuality and religion in early modern Europe (London, 1994).

*G. Scarre, Witchcraft and Magic in 16th and 17th century Europe (Basingstoke, 1987).

Богопочитание

*C. Jones et al. (eds), The Study of Liturgy (revised edn, London, 1992).

S. Karant-Nunn, The Reformation of Ritual: an interpretation of early modern Germany (London, 1997).

E. Muir, Ritual in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, 1997).

А

Аарон, библ. 433

Аввакум, библ. 157

Августин, еп. Гиппонский 32, 33, 143–145, 147–153, 155–158, 161, 162, 173, 178, 187, 192, 193, 216, 230, 232, 242, 243, 264, 281, 288, 304, 305, 494, 545–548, 645, 646, 678, 681, 692, 739, 754, 760, 776, 786

Авраам, библ. 224, 297, 418, 560, 710, 721, 765

Агрикола, Рудольф 138

Адам, библ. 31, 144, 145, 147, 148, 150, 160, 193, 224, 410, 436, 678, 720, 772

Адорно, Екатерина 43

Адриан IV 251

Адриан VI 49, 377

Акари, Барбара (Мария Воплощения) 541, 542, 544

Аквинат, см. Фома Аквинский

Акоста, Хосе де 503

Алеандер, Джироламо 74

Александр VI 70, 71, 84, 92, 97, 99, 100, 102, 130, 266, 701

Алкивиад 690, 695

Аллен, Уильям 454, 455, 650

Альба, Фернандо Альварес де Толедо 371, 396

Альборнос, Бартоломе де 500

Альберт Великий 756

Альбрехт III (Альбрехт Ахилл), курфюрст Бранденбургский 79

Альбрехт Бранденбургский, архиеп. 159–161, 163, 175, 206, 278, 702

Альбрехт Бранденбург-Ансбахский, герцог Пруссии 206, 400, 515

Альбрехт V Баварский 513, 518